{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,23]],"date-time":"2026-03-23T04:01:01Z","timestamp":1774238461355,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,11]],"date-time":"2026-01-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1768089600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":10,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]],"date-time":"2026-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767225600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Addiction Biology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Alcohol use disorder (AUD) is characterized by high relapse rates, and relapse is often driven by cue\u2010induced cravings linked to prefrontal\u2013subcortical network dysregulation. This study investigated the neurobiological effects of inhibitory continuous theta\u2010burst stimulation (cTBS) targeting the right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (rDLPFC) in patients with AUD. In a randomized, double\u2010blind, sham\u2010controlled trial, 28 patients (16 in the active cTBS group and 12 patients in the sham group) underwent 10 sessions of rDLPFC\u2010cTBS. fMRI was performed before and after intervention to assess neural responses to alcohol cues, and relapse was monitored for 1\u2009year. The active cTBS group exhibited a significantly lower relapse risk over the 12\u2010month follow\u2010up compared to the sham group (HR\u2009=\u20090.210, 95% CI [0.070, 0.633]). A significant group\u2010by\u2010intervention interaction was found in the right superior frontal gyrus (\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u20090.047); active cTBS prevented the cue\u2010induced hyperactivity that was observed in the sham group, suggesting a network stabilization effect. Furthermore, a machine learning model that was trained on intervention\u2010induced changes in brain\u2010wide neural activity accurately predicted long\u2010term relapse (accuracy: 78.7%; AUC: 0.903). Increased postintervention reactivity to cues in the left medial prefrontal cortex was the strongest predictor of relapse. These findings demonstrate that rDLPFC\u2010cTBS modulates craving\u2010related circuits and that the dynamic neural response to treatment is a powerful biomarker for predicting relapse; the findings pave the way for the development of personalized addiction medicine.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/adb.70109","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,12]],"date-time":"2026-01-12T05:21:04Z","timestamp":1768195264000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Neural Response to Theta\u2010Burst Stimulation Predicts Long\u2010Term Relapse in Patients With Alcohol Use Disorder: A Pilot fMRI Study"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"31","author":[{"given":"Jing\u2010Nan","family":"Zhao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"The First Specialized Hospital of Harbin City  Harbin China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chu\u2010Yue","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Queensland Brain Institute The University of Queensland  Brisbane QLD Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0006-9020-231X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ying\u2010Ying","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The First Specialized Hospital of Harbin City  Harbin China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Li\u2010Ping","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The First Specialized Hospital of Harbin City  Harbin China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zhi\u2010Jun","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Harbin Center for Disease Control and Prevention  Harbin China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_11_2_1","first-page":"43","article-title":"The Spectrum of Alcohol Use: Epidemiology, Diagnosis, and Treatment","volume":"106","author":"Cohen S. 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