{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,18]],"date-time":"2026-09-18T05:24:00Z","timestamp":1789709040161,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,12]],"date-time":"2026-01-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1768176000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":11,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]],"date-time":"2026-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767225600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000026","name":"National Institute on Drug Abuse","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01\u2010DA062041"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01\u2010DA062041"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000026","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000026","name":"National Institute on Drug Abuse","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01\u2010DA054271"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01\u2010DA054271"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000026","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000026","name":"National Institute on Drug Abuse","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01\u2010DA051650"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01\u2010DA051650"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000026","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000738","name":"U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["I01\u2010BX006179"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["I01\u2010BX006179"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000738","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Addiction Biology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The insular cortex (IC) is known to underlie drug seeking and relapse for multiple drug classes, yet the precise role the IC plays in opioid use disorder (OUD) remains unclear. In preclinical models of OUD, inhibition of the IC has produced conflicting results, such that in some cases the IC seems to promote opioid seeking whereas in others the IC seems to blunt opioid seeking. These results may be related to the heterogeneity of cortical output circuits, which can have opposing functions despite their relative proximity. Thus, here we examined the role of a specific IC output circuit, from the anterior IC (aIC) to the nucleus accumbens core (NAcc), for opioid seeking. We find in mice that following 14\u2009days of heroin self\u2010administration and 3\u2009days of forced abstinence, optogenetic inhibition of aIC\u2794NAcc terminals suppresses context\u2010associated opioid seeking. Furthermore, the same manipulation attenuates cued opioid seeking following extinction training. Importantly, we observed no effect of aIC\u2794NAcc terminal inhibition on sucrose seeking. Together, our results reveal that the IC selectively controls opioid seeking through a discrete population of NAcc projecting neurons, providing the first evidence for a projection\u2010specific role of IC circuitry in opioid seeking and relapse.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/adb.70118","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,13]],"date-time":"2026-01-13T04:50:36Z","timestamp":1768279836000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Activation of Insula\u2010Accumbal Projection Neurons Is Required for Relapse\u2010Like Behaviour Following Opioid Self\u2010Administration"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"31","author":[{"given":"Rachel\u00a0E.","family":"Clarke","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neuroscience Medical University of South Carolina  Charleston South Carolina USA"},{"name":"Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine Medical University of South Carolina  Charleston South Carolina USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bayleigh\u00a0E.","family":"Pagoota","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neuroscience Medical University of South Carolina  Charleston South Carolina USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Isabella\u00a0E.","family":"Dinu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neuroscience Medical University of South Carolina  Charleston South Carolina USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jacqueline\u00a0E.","family":"Paniccia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neuroscience Medical University of South Carolina  Charleston South Carolina USA"},{"name":"Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine Medical University of South Carolina  Charleston South Carolina USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anna\u00a0C.","family":"Tsyrulnikov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neuroscience Medical University of South Carolina  Charleston South Carolina USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Annaka\u00a0M.","family":"Westphal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neuroscience Medical University of South Carolina  Charleston South Carolina USA"},{"name":"Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine Medical University of South Carolina  Charleston South Carolina USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jade","family":"Baek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neuroscience Medical University of South Carolina  Charleston South Carolina USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael\u00a0D.","family":"Scofield","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neuroscience Medical University of South Carolina  Charleston South Carolina USA"},{"name":"Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine Medical University of South Carolina  Charleston South Carolina USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0953-9283","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"James\u00a0M.","family":"Otis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neuroscience Medical University of South Carolina  Charleston South Carolina USA"},{"name":"Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine Medical University of South Carolina  Charleston South Carolina USA"},{"name":"Hollings Cancer Center Medical University of South Carolina  Charleston South Carolina USA"},{"name":"Ralph H. 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