{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,22]],"date-time":"2026-07-22T02:02:04Z","timestamp":1784685724327,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,3]],"date-time":"2026-05-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1777766400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":2,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1777593600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001677","name":"Institut National de la Sant\u00e9 et de la Recherche M\u00e9dicale","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001677","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Addiction Biology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Plasma neurofilament light chain (NFL), glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), tau protein and ubiquitin carboxy\u2010terminal hydrolase L1 (UCHL1) are candidate biomarkers of alcohol withdrawal (AW)\u2010associated brain toxicity, as they are biomarkers of axonal, neuronal or glial injury. The aim of this study was to investigate the changes of these biomarkers during AW in patients with severe alcohol use disorder (AUD). Plasma NFL, GFAP, tau and UCHL1 levels were measured, with SIMOA, at three times: on Day 1 (T1), on Day 3 or 4 (T2) and on Day 13, 14 or 15 (T3) of AW. They were analysed with a linear mixed model adjusted for age, sex and body mass index. Changes in these levels according to AW symptom severity were evaluated. Twenty\u2010four inpatients with severe AUD were included: 20 men (83.3%), aged 47.4\u2009years [\u00b111.3], with symptoms requiring a median equivalent\u2010diazepam dose of 0.81\u2009mg\/kg at T1. A significant increase was observed for NFL level from T1 to T2 (\u03b2\u2009=\u20090.349,\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u20090.035), but not for GFAP, tau or UCHL1 levels. In AW symptom severity analyses, a significant positive association was found with equivalent\u2010diazepam dose required\u2009\u00d7\u2009T1\u2013T2 time interaction factor for NFL (\u03b2\u2009=\u20090.161,\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u20090.028) and for GFAP (\u03b2\u2009=\u20090.400,\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u20099.9\u2009\u00d7\u200910\n                    <jats:sup>\u22124<\/jats:sup>\n                    ). This longitudinal study provided preliminary indication that brain injury could occur within the first days of AW, especially in patients with severe pharmacological dependence. Plasma NFL and GFAP are promising biomarkers of AW\u2010related brain pathology and should be investigated as biomarkers of therapeutic response to test innovative drug strategies for preventing this toxicity.\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Trial Registration:<\/jats:bold>\n                    Clinical Trials: NCT05216705\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/adb.70157","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,4]],"date-time":"2026-05-04T01:56:09Z","timestamp":1777859769000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Longitudinal Study of Plasma NFL and GFAP as Biomarkers of Alcohol Withdrawal\u2013Associated Brain Injury"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"31","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2803-8249","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Virgile","family":"Clergue\u2010Duval","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"D\u00e9partement de Psychiatrie et de M\u00e9decine Addictologique APHP, GHU APHP.Nord\u2010 Universit\u00e9 Paris Cit\u00e9, Site Lariboisi\u00e8re Fernand\u2010Widal  Paris France"},{"name":"Universit\u00e9 Paris Cit\u00e9, INSERM, Optimisation th\u00e9rapeutique en Neuropharmacologie OPTEN U1144  Paris France"},{"name":"FHU Network of Research in Substance Use Disorders (NOR\u2010SUD)  Paris France"},{"name":"Universit\u00e9 Paris Cit\u00e9, UFR de M\u00e9decine  Paris France"},{"name":"Resalcog \u2010 R\u00e9seau Pour la Prise en Charge Des Troubles Cognitifs li\u00e9s \u00e0 L'alcool  Paris France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Frank","family":"Questel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"D\u00e9partement de Psychiatrie et de M\u00e9decine Addictologique APHP, GHU APHP.Nord\u2010 Universit\u00e9 Paris Cit\u00e9, Site Lariboisi\u00e8re Fernand\u2010Widal  Paris France"},{"name":"Universit\u00e9 Paris Cit\u00e9, INSERM, Optimisation th\u00e9rapeutique en Neuropharmacologie OPTEN U1144  Paris France"},{"name":"FHU Network of Research in Substance Use Disorders (NOR\u2010SUD)  Paris France"},{"name":"Resalcog \u2010 R\u00e9seau Pour la Prise en Charge Des Troubles Cognitifs li\u00e9s \u00e0 L'alcool  Paris France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alexandra","family":"Dereux","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"D\u00e9partement de Psychiatrie et de M\u00e9decine Addictologique APHP, GHU APHP.Nord\u2010 Universit\u00e9 Paris Cit\u00e9, Site Lariboisi\u00e8re Fernand\u2010Widal  Paris France"},{"name":"Universit\u00e9 Paris Cit\u00e9, INSERM, Optimisation th\u00e9rapeutique en Neuropharmacologie OPTEN U1144  Paris France"},{"name":"FHU Network of Research in Substance Use Disorders (NOR\u2010SUD)  Paris France"},{"name":"Resalcog \u2010 R\u00e9seau Pour la Prise en Charge Des Troubles Cognitifs li\u00e9s \u00e0 L'alcool  Paris France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elodie","family":"Bouaziz\u2010Amar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universit\u00e9 Paris Cit\u00e9, INSERM, Optimisation th\u00e9rapeutique en Neuropharmacologie OPTEN U1144  Paris France"},{"name":"Universit\u00e9 Paris Cit\u00e9, UFR de Pharmacie  Paris France"},{"name":"D\u00e9partement de Biochimie et Biologie Mol\u00e9culaire APHP, GHU APHP. 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