{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,22]],"date-time":"2026-07-22T02:02:00Z","timestamp":1784685720144,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":53,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,14]],"date-time":"2026-05-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1778716800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":13,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1777593600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Addiction Biology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Studies have used repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) to stimulate the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) in patients with tobacco use disorder (TUD); consequently, decreased craving for smoking was observed. However, the neural mechanism underlying this process remains unclear. Functional MRI data were collected from 59 valid TUD participants (31 rTMS and 28 shams) when they performed a Go\/No\u2010go task before and after a continuous 5\u2010day treatment (rTMS on the left DLPFC). Three approaches of data analyses were performed: event\u2010related data analyses to identify the brain regions that are associated with rTMS treatment; functional connectivity (FC) analyses among the left DLPFC (the stimulate region) and other survived brain regions after group comparison; FC between the left DLPFC and all brain regions to find couplings among the brain regions. rTMS decreased the craving for smoking in patients with TUD. Comparing with the sham group, the rTMS group showed enhanced brain responses in the bilateral ACC, bilateral caudate and left thalamus to the No\u2010go smoking cues. Further, FC analyses among the survived brain regions showed that rTMS enhanced the FC in DLPFC\u2013caudate and caudate\u2013left thalamus pathways. Notably, enhanced FC between the DLPFC and bilateral basal ganglia thalamus was observed. The current study demonstrated the effectiveness of rTMS in the treatment of TUD, which is associated with enhanced brain responses that are responsible for executive control and reward processing; it enhanced top\u2010down control by reshaping the prefrontal\u2013striatal pathways.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/adb.70167","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,14]],"date-time":"2026-05-14T07:26:35Z","timestamp":1778743595000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["rTMS Suppresses Tobacco Craving via Enhanced Prefronto\u2010Striato\u2010Thalamic Connectivity"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"31","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0002-4455-4403","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xin","family":"Luo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Educational Cognitive Neuroscience, Faculty of Education Yunnan Normal University  Kunming Yunnan China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xuefeng","family":"Ma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Educational Cognitive Neuroscience, Faculty of Education Yunnan Normal University  Kunming Yunnan China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shuang","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Educational Cognitive Neuroscience, Faculty of Education Yunnan Normal University  Kunming Yunnan China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hong'an","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Educational Cognitive Neuroscience, Faculty of Education Yunnan Normal University  Kunming Yunnan China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bo","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Educational Cognitive Neuroscience, Faculty of Education Yunnan Normal University  Kunming Yunnan China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yanbin","family":"Zheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Cognition and Brain Disorders The Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University  Hangzhou Zhejiang China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Guang\u2010Heng","family":"Dong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Educational Cognitive Neuroscience, Faculty of Education Yunnan Normal University  Kunming Yunnan China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_11_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.29024\/aogh.2362"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.CD011823.pub2"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.f7535"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2020.23541"},{"issue":"44","key":"e_1_2_11_6_1","first-page":"1227","article-title":"Cigarette Smoking Among Adults and Trends in Smoking Cessation\u2014United States, 2008","volume":"58","author":"Centers for Disease, C., and Prevention","year":"2009","journal-title":"MMWR. 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