{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,22]],"date-time":"2026-06-22T00:48:00Z","timestamp":1782089280282,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,12]],"date-time":"2026-06-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1781222400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":11,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,1]],"date-time":"2026-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1780272000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["ZIA\u2010DA000635"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ZIA\u2010DA000635"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["ZIA\u2010AA000218"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ZIA\u2010AA000218"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000098","name":"NIH Clinical Center","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000098","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Addiction Biology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Longer treatment engagement is associated with improved recovery outcomes in alcohol use disorder (AUD), making patient retention a critical determinant of reduced return to drinking. This study aimed to identify factors predicting outpatient treatment engagement, operationalized as the number of follow\u2010up visits, among individuals with AUD following inpatient care. We applied a five\u2010step analytic framework integrating random forest modelling (RFM) and Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator (LASSO) regression to identify predictors of outpatient visit frequency. Clinical, psychological and physiological variables (\n                    <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u2009177 per participant) collected during inpatient treatment prior to discharge were included. RFM ranked variables associated with follow\u2010up visits, with LASSO used for validation and complementary selection. Over a 5\u2010year period, 119 treatment\u2010seeking patients with AUD (mean age\u2009=\u200945.8) returned for outpatient care, averaging 5.14 visits, following a medical treatment inpatient stay. Positive urgency (VIP\u2009=\u200944.31) and positive life events (VIP\u2009=\u200941.19) emerged as the strongest predictors; both inversely associated with visit frequency. LASSO confirmed positive urgency as a significant predictor (coefficient: \u22120.03296). Greater alcohol use severity and higher haemoglobin levels were also associated with fewer outpatient visits, whereas higher depressive symptom severity predicted increased follow\u2010up engagement. Using complementary machine learning and regression approaches, this study identified affective traits, alcohol use severity and physiological factors as key determinants of outpatient engagement following inpatient AUD treatment. Interestingly, positive urgency and positive life events, often considered markers of recovery or resilience, were linked to reduced outpatient attendance, suggesting that certain personality or motivational factors may diminish perceived need for continued care. These findings highlight the importance of integrating psychological and motivational variables into postdischarge planning to enhance retention and improve early recovery outcomes.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/adb.70169","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,13]],"date-time":"2026-06-13T06:25:11Z","timestamp":1781331911000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Predicting Outpatient Follow\u2010Up Retention After Inpatient Treatment in Patients With Alcohol Use Disorder: A Data\u2010Driven Random Forest Approach"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"31","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3022-0154","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jennifer J.","family":"Barb","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Translational Biobehavioral and Health Promotion Branch, Clinical Center National Institutes of Health  Bethesda Maryland USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lillian C.","family":"King","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Translational Biobehavioral and Health Promotion Branch, Clinical Center National Institutes of Health  Bethesda Maryland USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alexandria N.","family":"Hughes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Translational Biobehavioral and Health Promotion Branch, Clinical Center National Institutes of Health  Bethesda Maryland USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jenny","family":"Yarmovsky","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Translational Biobehavioral and Health Promotion Branch, Clinical Center National Institutes of Health  Bethesda Maryland USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nancy","family":"Diazgranados","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Intramural Clinical and Biological Research National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism  Bethesda Maryland USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0902-4212","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mehdi","family":"Farokhnia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Psychoneuroendocrinology and Neuropsychopharmacology Section, Translational Addiction Medicine Branch, National Institute on Drug Abuse Intramural Research Program and National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism Division of Intramural Clinical and Biological Research National Institutes of Health  Baltimore Maryland USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gwenyth R.","family":"Wallen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Translational Biobehavioral and Health Promotion Branch, Clinical Center National Institutes of Health  Bethesda Maryland USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Melanie","family":"Schwandt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Intramural Clinical and Biological Research National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism  Bethesda Maryland USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7284-8754","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lorenzo","family":"Leggio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Psychoneuroendocrinology and Neuropsychopharmacology Section, Translational Addiction Medicine Branch, National Institute on Drug Abuse Intramural Research Program and National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism Division of Intramural Clinical and Biological Research National Institutes of Health  Baltimore Maryland USA"},{"name":"Center for Alcohol and Addiction Studies, Department of Behavioral and Social Sciences Brown University  Providence Rhode Island USA"},{"name":"Division of Addiction Medicine, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine Johns Hopkins University  Baltimore Maryland USA"},{"name":"Department of Neuroscience Georgetown University Medical Center  Washington DC USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_11_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/add.12231"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/acer.70230"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.15288\/jsad.2012.73.635"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000446822"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eclinm.2019.05.008"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/acer.13267"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/a0022889"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2018.03.011"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/alcalc\/agaa018"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.books.9780890423349"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.books.9780890425596"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_13_1","volume-title":"R: 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