{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,28]],"date-time":"2026-08-28T01:56:17Z","timestamp":1787882177802,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,1,30]],"date-time":"2013-01-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1359504000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Addiction"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Aims<\/jats:title><jats:p>Contingency management (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CM<\/jats:styled-content>) uses tangible incentives to systematically reinforce abstinence and is among the most efficacious psychosocial substance abuse treatments. This study assessed the feasibility and initial efficacy of a portable <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CM<\/jats:styled-content> procedure designed to address technical limitations for detecting drinking that have prevented using <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CM<\/jats:styled-content> for alcohol problems.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Design<\/jats:title><jats:p>Participants received a cellphone, breathalyzer and training on video\u2010recording alcohol breath tests (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">BrACs<\/jats:styled-content>) and texting results. For 4 weeks, staff texted participants one to three times daily indicating that a breath alcohol concentration test (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">BrAC)<\/jats:styled-content> was due within the hour. Participants were randomized to (1) modest compensation for submitting dated time\u2010stamped <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">BrAC<\/jats:styled-content> videos regardless of results or (2) the same plus <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CM<\/jats:styled-content> with escalating vouchers for on\u2010time alcohol\u2010negative tests (n\u2010<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">BrAC<\/jats:styled-content>; &lt;02\u2009g\/dl). \u2018Thank\u2010you\u2019 texts were sent, with <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CM<\/jats:styled-content> patients also informed of results\u2010based earnings.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Setting<\/jats:title><jats:p>Participants' natural environment.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Participants<\/jats:title><jats:p>Adults (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200930;\u2009\u2265\u200921 years) who drank frequently but were not physiologically dependent.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Measurements<\/jats:title><jats:p>Drinking and related problems were assessed at intake and week 4. <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">BrACs<\/jats:styled-content> and self\u2010reports of drinking were collected throughout. The primary outcome was the percentage of n\u2010<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">BrACs<\/jats:styled-content>. Other outcomes were the longest duration of consecutive n\u2010<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">BrACs<\/jats:styled-content> (longest duration of abstinence) and self\u2010reports of drinking.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Findings<\/jats:title><jats:p>On average, 88.6% (10.4%) of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">BrACs<\/jats:styled-content> were submitted on time, without group differences (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.18). The percentage of n\u2010<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">BrACs<\/jats:styled-content> and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">LDA<\/jats:styled-content> were greater with <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CM<\/jats:styled-content>, and there was an interaction effect on drinking frequency and negative consequences, with decreases over time with <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CM<\/jats:styled-content> (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.00; effect sizes <jats:italic>d<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.52\u20130.62).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Cellphone technology may be useful for extending contingency management to treatment for alcohol problems.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/add.12093","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,12,22]],"date-time":"2012-12-22T02:02:07Z","timestamp":1356141727000},"page":"900-909","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":110,"title":["A randomized study of cellphone technology to reinforce alcohol abstinence in the natural environment"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"108","author":[{"given":"Sheila M.","family":"Alessi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Calhoun Cardiology Center University of Connecticut Health Center  Farmington CT USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nancy M.","family":"Petry","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Calhoun Cardiology Center University of Connecticut Health Center  Farmington CT USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2013,1,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.291.10.1238"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2004.02.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","unstructured":"Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality.Treatment Episode Data Set (TEDS): 1998\u20132008.2010State Admissions to Substance Abuse Treatment Services; DASIS Series: S\u201055. 2010 HHS Publication no. 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