{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,23]],"date-time":"2026-06-23T12:51:27Z","timestamp":1782219087863,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":53,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,3,21]],"date-time":"2013-03-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1363824000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Addiction"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,6]]},"abstract":"Abstract<\/jats:title>Aim<\/jats:title>To evaluate whether venlafaxine\u2010extended release (VEN<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010XR<\/jats:styled-content>) is an effective treatment for cannabis dependence with concurrent depressive disorders.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Design<\/jats:title>This was a randomized, 12\u2010week, double\u2010blind, placebo\u2010controlled trial of out\u2010patients (n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009103) with DSM<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010IV<\/jats:styled-content> cannabis dependence and major depressive disorder or dysthymia. Participants received up to 375\u2009mg VEN<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010XR<\/jats:styled-content> on a fixed\u2010flexible schedule or placebo. All patients received weekly individual cognitive\u2013behavioral psychotherapy that primarily targeted marijuana use.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Settings<\/jats:title>The trial was conducted at two university research centers in the U<\/jats:styled-content>nited S<\/jats:styled-content>tates.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Participants<\/jats:title>One hundred and three cannabis\u2010dependent adults participated in the trial.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Measurements<\/jats:title>The primary outcome measures were (i) abstinence from marijuana defined as at least two consecutive urine\u2010confirmed abstinent weeks and (ii) improvement in depressive symptoms based on the H<\/jats:styled-content>amilton D<\/jats:styled-content>epression R<\/jats:styled-content>ating S<\/jats:styled-content>cale.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Findings<\/jats:title>The proportion of patients achieving a clinically significant mood improvement (50% decrease in Hamilton Depression score from baseline) was high and did not differ between groups receiving VEN<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010XR<\/jats:styled-content> (63%) and placebo (69%) (\u03c71<\/jats:sub>2<\/jats:sup>\u2009=\u20090.48, P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.49). The proportion of patients achieving abstinence was low overall, but was significantly worse on VEN<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010XR<\/jats:styled-content> (11.8%) compared to placebo (36.5%) (\u03c71<\/jats:sub>2<\/jats:sup>\u2009=\u20097.46, P<\/jats:italic>\u2009<\u20090.01; odds ratio\u2009=\u20094.51, 95% confidence interval: 1.53, 13.3). Mood improvement was associated with reduction in marijuana use in the placebo group (F<\/jats:italic>1,179<\/jats:sub>\u2009=\u200930.49, P<\/jats:italic>\u2009<\u20090.01), but not the VEN<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010XR<\/jats:styled-content> group (F<\/jats:italic>1,186<\/jats:sub>\u2009=\u20090.02, P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.89).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Conclusions<\/jats:title>For depressed, cannabis\u2010dependent patients, venlafaxine\u2010extended release does not appear to be effective at reducing depression and may lead to an increase in cannabis use.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/add.12108","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,1,8]],"date-time":"2013-01-08T22:26:00Z","timestamp":1357683960000},"page":"1084-1094","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":78,"title":["A randomized double\u2010blind, placebo\u2010controlled trial of venlafaxine\u2010extended release for co\u2010occurring cannabis dependence and depressive disorders"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"108","author":[{"given":"Frances R.","family":"Levin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"New York State Psychiatric Institute Division of Substance Abuse New York NY USA"},{"name":"Department of Psychiatry College of Physicians and Surgeons of Columbia University New York NY USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"John","family":"Mariani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"New York State Psychiatric Institute Division of Substance Abuse New York NY USA"},{"name":"Department of Psychiatry College of Physicians and Surgeons of Columbia University New York NY USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daniel J.","family":"Brooks","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"New York State Psychiatric Institute Division of Substance Abuse New York NY USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Martina","family":"Pavlicova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biostatistics Columbia University New York NY USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Edward V.","family":"Nunes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"New York State Psychiatric Institute Division of Substance Abuse New York NY USA"},{"name":"Department of Psychiatry College of Physicians and Surgeons of Columbia University New York NY USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vito","family":"Agosti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry College of Physicians and Surgeons of Columbia University New York NY USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Adam","family":"Bisaga","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"New York State Psychiatric Institute Division of Substance Abuse New York NY USA"},{"name":"Department of Psychiatry College of Physicians and Surgeons of Columbia University New York NY USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maria A.","family":"Sullivan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"New York State Psychiatric Institute Division of Substance Abuse New York NY USA"},{"name":"Department of Psychiatry College of Physicians and Surgeons of Columbia University New York NY USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kenneth M.","family":"Carpenter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"New York State Psychiatric Institute Division of Substance Abuse New York NY USA"},{"name":"Department of Psychiatry College of Physicians and Surgeons of Columbia University New York NY USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2013,3,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","unstructured":"United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC).World Drug Report.2011. 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