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We evaluated the relationship between ecstasy consumption and the use of sleep medications in humans after controlling for key factors.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Design<\/jats:title>The P<\/jats:styled-content>ersonality and T<\/jats:styled-content>otal H<\/jats:styled-content>ealth T<\/jats:styled-content>hrough L<\/jats:styled-content>ife project uses a longitudinal cohort with follow\u2010up every 4 years. This study reports data from waves 2 and 3.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Setting<\/jats:title>Participants were recruited from the electoral roll in the A<\/jats:styled-content>ustralian C<\/jats:styled-content>apital T<\/jats:styled-content>erritory and Q<\/jats:styled-content>ueanbeyan, N<\/jats:styled-content>ew S<\/jats:styled-content>outh W<\/jats:styled-content>ales, A<\/jats:styled-content>ustralia.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Participants<\/jats:title>Participants were aged 20\u201324 years at wave 1 (1999\u20132000).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Measures<\/jats:title>The study collected self\u2010reported data on ecstasy, meth\/amphetamine, cannabis, alcohol, tobacco and use of sleeping medications (pharmaceutical or other substances). Depression was categorized using the B<\/jats:styled-content>rief P<\/jats:styled-content>atient H<\/jats:styled-content>ealth Q<\/jats:styled-content>uestionnaire (BPHQ<\/jats:styled-content>). Other psychosocial measures included life\u2010time traumas. We used generalized estimating equations to model outcomes.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Findings<\/jats:title>Ecstasy data were available from 2128 people at wave 2 and 1977 at wave 3: sleeping medication use was reported by 227 (10.7%) respondents at wave 2 and 239 (12.1%) at wave 3. Increased odds ratios (OR<\/jats:styled-content>) for sleeping medication use was found for those with depression [OR<\/jats:styled-content>\u2009=\u20091.88, 95% confidence interval (CI<\/jats:styled-content>): 1.39, 2.53], women (OR<\/jats:styled-content>\u2009=\u20091.44, 95% CI<\/jats:styled-content>:<\/jats:styled-content> 1.13, 1.84), and increased by 19% for each life\u2010time trauma. Ecstasy use was not a significant predictor, but \u2265monthly versus never meth\/amphetamine use increased the odds (OR<\/jats:styled-content>\u2009=\u20093.03, 95% CI<\/jats:styled-content> 1.30, 7.03).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Conclusion<\/jats:title>The use of ecstasy appears to be associated with the use of sleeping medications but this association can be accounted for by other factors.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/add.12200","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,5,7]],"date-time":"2013-05-07T18:39:58Z","timestamp":1367951998000},"page":"1640-1648","update-policy":"http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["\u2018Ecstasy\u2019 and the use of sleep medications in a general community sample: a 4\u2010year follow\u2010up"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"108","author":[{"given":"Robert J.","family":"Tait","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Mental Health Research Australian National University Canberra ACT Australia"},{"name":"Centre for Research on Ageing, Health and Wellbeing The Australian National University Canberra ACT Australia"},{"name":"National Drug Research Institute Curtin University Perth WA Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Amanda","family":"George","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Applied Psychology University of Canberra Canberra ACT Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sarah","family":"Olesen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Psychiatric Epidemiology and Social Issues Unit, Centre for Research on Ageing, Health and Wellbeing The Australian National University Canberra ACT Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2013,5,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18356\/079beef9-en"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","volume-title":"2010 National Drug Strategy Household Survey","author":"Australian Institute of Health and Welfare (AIHW)","year":"2010"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archgenpsychiatry.2011.156"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S1461145712000582"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000026664"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0269881107078293"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0091-3057(01)00711-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0376-8716(00)80013-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0376-8716(02)00190-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1465-3362.2009.00159.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00213-009-1763-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.books.9780890423349"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archpsyc.1961.01710120031004"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_15_1","volume-title":"A User's Guide to the General Health Questionnaire","author":"Goldberg D.","year":"1988"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.282.18.1737"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hup.351"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1360-0443.2006.01423.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00213-010-2100-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00213-004-1787-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_21_1","first-page":"413","article-title":"Long\u2010term neuronal damage and recovery after a single dose of MDMA: expression and distribution of serotonin transporter in the rat brain","volume":"12","author":"Kirilly E.","year":"2010","journal-title":"Neuropsychopharmacol Hung"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hup.1233"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.smrv.2007.12.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0376-8716(82)90010-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0733-8619(05)70287-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ije\/dyr025"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclinepi.2003.10.015"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2009.07.008"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_29_1","volume-title":"AUDIT The Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test: Guidelines for Use in Primary Health Care","author":"Babor T. 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