{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,2]],"date-time":"2026-10-02T19:21:20Z","timestamp":1790968880246,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,10,9]],"date-time":"2013-10-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1381276800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Addiction"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,1]]},"abstract":"Abstract<\/jats:title>Aims<\/jats:title>To examine patient and medication characteristics associated with retention and continued illicit opioid use in methadone (MET<\/jats:styled-content>) versus buprenorphine\/naloxone (BUP<\/jats:styled-content>) treatment for opioid dependence.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Design, settings and participants<\/jats:title>This secondary analysis included 1267 opioid\u2010dependent individuals participating in nine opioid treatment programs between 2006 and 2009 and randomized to receive open\u2010labelBUP<\/jats:styled-content>orMET<\/jats:styled-content>for 24 weeks.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Measurements<\/jats:title>The analyses included measures of patient characteristics at baseline (demographics; use of alcohol, cigarettes and illicit drugs; self\u2010rated mental and physical health), medication dose and urine drug screens during treatment, and treatment completion and days in treatment during the 24\u2010week trial.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Findings<\/jats:title>The treatment completion rate was 74% forMET<\/jats:styled-content>versus 46% forBUP<\/jats:styled-content>(P<\/jats:italic>\u2009<\u20090.01); the rate amongMET<\/jats:styled-content>participants increased to 80% when the maximumMET<\/jats:styled-content>dose reached or exceeded 60\u2009mg\/day. WithBUP<\/jats:styled-content>, the completion rate increased linearly with higher doses, reaching 60% with doses of 30\u201332\u2009mg\/day. Of those remaining in treatment, positive opioid urine results were significantly lower [odds ratio (OR)<\/jats:styled-content>\u2009=\u20090.63, 95% confidence interval (CI)<\/jats:styled-content>\u2009=\u20090.52\u20130.76,P<\/jats:italic>\u2009<\u20090.01] amongBUP<\/jats:styled-content>relative toMET<\/jats:styled-content>participants during the first 9 weeks of treatment. Higher medication dose was related to lower opiate use, more so amongBUP<\/jats:styled-content>patients. A Cox proportional hazards model revealed factors associated with dropout: (i)BUP<\/jats:styled-content>[versusMET<\/jats:styled-content>, hazard ratio (HR)<\/jats:styled-content>\u2009=\u20091.61,CI<\/jats:styled-content>\u2009=\u20091.20\u20132.15], (ii) lower medication dose (<16\u2009mg forBUP<\/jats:styled-content>, <60\u2009mg forMET<\/jats:styled-content>;HR<\/jats:styled-content>\u2009=\u20093.09,CI<\/jats:styled-content>\u2009=\u20092.19\u20134.37), (iii) the interaction of dose and treatment condition (those with higherBUP<\/jats:styled-content>dose were 1.04 times more likely to drop out than those with lowerMET<\/jats:styled-content>dose, and (iv) being younger, Hispanic and using heroin or other substances during treatment.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Conclusions<\/jats:title>Provision of methadone appears to be associated with better retention in treatment for opioid dependence than buprenorphine, as does use of provision of higher doses of both medications. Provision of buprenorphine is associated with lower continued use of illicit opioids.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/add.12333","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,8,20]],"date-time":"2013-08-20T11:48:49Z","timestamp":1376999329000},"page":"79-87","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":407,"title":["Treatment retention among patients randomized to buprenorphine\/naloxone compared to methadone in a multi\u2010site trial"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"109","author":[{"given":"Yih\u2010Ing","family":"Hser","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University of California Los Angeles CA USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrew J.","family":"Saxon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Veterans Affairs Puget Sound Health Care System Seattle WA USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of California Los Angeles CA USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Al","family":"Hasson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of California Los Angeles CA USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christie","family":"Thomas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of California Los Angeles CA USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maureen","family":"Hillhouse","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of California Los Angeles CA USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Petra","family":"Jacobs","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Institute on Drug Abuse Bethesda ML USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cheryl","family":"Teruya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of California Los Angeles CA USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paul","family":"McLaughlin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hartford Dispensary CT USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Katharina","family":"Wiest","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CODA, Inc. 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