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Heavy drinkers show variant functional magnetic resonance imaging (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">fMRI<\/jats:styled-content>) blood oxygen level\u2010dependent (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">BOLD<\/jats:styled-content>) response to alcohol cues, which may presage increasing drinking. In this longitudinal study, we ascertained whether <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">BOLD<\/jats:styled-content> response to alcohol pictures predicted subsequent heavy drinking among college students.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Participants were 43 18\u201321\u2010year\u2010olds in the <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">U<\/jats:styled-content>nited <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">S<\/jats:styled-content>tates who underwent <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">BOLD<\/jats:styled-content> scanning and completed monthly substance use surveys over the following year. Participants were categorized according to baseline and follow\u2010up drinking into 13 continuously moderate drinkers, 16 continuously heavy drinkers and 14 transitioners who drank moderately at baseline but heavily by follow\u2010up. During <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">fMRI<\/jats:styled-content> scanning at baseline, participants viewed alcohol and matched non\u2010alcohol beverage images.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>We observed group differences in alcohol cue\u2010elicited <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">BOLD<\/jats:styled-content> response in bilateral caudate, orbitofrontal cortex, medial frontal cortex\/anterior cingulate and left insula (clusters\u2009&gt;\u20092619\u2009ml, voxelwise <jats:italic>F<\/jats:italic><jats:sub>(2,40)<\/jats:sub>\u2009&gt;\u20093.23, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.05, whole\u2010brain corrected <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.05), where transitioners hyperactivated compared with moderate and heavy drinkers (all <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">T<\/jats:styled-content>ukey <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.05). Exploratory factor analysis revealed a single brain network differentiating those who subsequently increased drinking. Exploratory regressions showed that, compared with other risk factors (e.g. alcoholism family history, impulsivity), <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">BOLD<\/jats:styled-content> response best predicted escalating drinking amount and alcohol\u2010related problems.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Neural response to pictures of alcohol is substantially enhanced among <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">U<\/jats:styled-content>nited <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">S<\/jats:styled-content>tates college students who subsequently escalate drinking. Greater cue\u2010reactivity is associated with larger increases in drinking and alcohol\u2010related problems, regardless of other baseline factors. Thus, neural cue\u2010reactivity could uniquely facilitate identifying individuals at greatest risk for future problematic drinking.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/add.12437","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,12,4]],"date-time":"2013-12-04T13:14:20Z","timestamp":1386162860000},"page":"585-595","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":93,"title":["Functional magnetic resonance imaging (<scp>fMRI)<\/scp> response to alcohol pictures predicts subsequent transition to heavy drinking in college students"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"109","author":[{"given":"Alecia D.","family":"Dager","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Yale University Department of Psychiatry  New Haven CT USA"},{"name":"Olin Neuropsychiatry Research Center Hartford Hospital  Hartford CT USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Beth M.","family":"Anderson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Olin Neuropsychiatry Research Center Hartford Hospital  Hartford CT USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rivkah","family":"Rosen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Olin Neuropsychiatry Research Center Hartford Hospital  Hartford CT USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sabin","family":"Khadka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Olin Neuropsychiatry Research Center Hartford Hospital  Hartford CT USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Broderick","family":"Sawyer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Olin Neuropsychiatry Research Center Hartford Hospital  Hartford CT USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rachel E.","family":"Jiantonio\u2010Kelly","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Olin Neuropsychiatry Research Center Hartford Hospital  Hartford CT USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Carol S.","family":"Austad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Central Connecticut State University  New Britain CT USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sarah A.","family":"Raskin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Trinity College  Hartford CT USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Howard","family":"Tennen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Connecticut School of Medicine  Farmington CT USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rebecca M.","family":"Wood","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Central Connecticut State University  New Britain CT USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Carolyn R.","family":"Fallahi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Central Connecticut State University  New Britain CT USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Godfrey D.","family":"Pearlson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Yale University Department of Psychiatry  New Haven CT USA"},{"name":"Olin Neuropsychiatry Research Center Hartford Hospital  Hartford CT USA"},{"name":"Yale University Department of Neurobiology  New Haven CT USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,1,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","unstructured":"Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration (SAMHSA).Results from the 2011 National Survey on Drug Use and Health: Summary of National Findings. 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