{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T00:43:10Z","timestamp":1787013790171,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":47,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,1,20]],"date-time":"2015-01-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1421712000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,1,20]],"date-time":"2015-01-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1421712000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Addiction"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Aims<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To describe the blood alcohol concentration (BAC) of adolescent homicide victims in Johannesburg, South Africa and to identify the victim and event characteristics associated with a positive BAC at the time of death.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Design<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Logistic regression of mortality data collected by the National Injury Mortality Surveillance System (NIMSS).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Setting<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Johannesburg, South Africa.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Participants<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A total of 323 adolescent (15\u201319 years) homicide victims for the period 2001\u20139 who had been tested for the presence of alcohol.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Measurements<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Data on the victims\u2019 BAC level, demographics, weapon or method used, scene, day and time of death were drawn from NIMSS.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Findings<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Alcohol was present in 39.3% of the homicide victims. Of these, 88.2% had a BAC level equivalent to or in excess of the South African limit of 0.05\u2009g\/100\u2009ml for intoxication. Multivariate logistic analysis showed that a positive BAC in homicide victims was associated significantly with the victim's sex [male: odds ratio (OR)\u2009=\u20092.127; 95% confidence interval (CI)\u2009=\u20091.012\u20134.471], victim's age (18\u201319 years: OR\u2009=\u20092.364; CI\u2009=\u20091.343\u20134.163); weapon used (sharp instruments: OR\u2009=\u20092.972; CI\u2009=\u20091.708\u20135.171); and time of death (weekend: OR\u2009=\u20093.149; CI\u2009=\u20091.842\u20135.383; night\u2010time: OR\u2009=\u20092.175; CI\u2009=\u20091.243\u20133.804).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Excessive alcohol consumption is associated with a substantial proportion of adolescent homicides in Johannesburg, South Africa, and is more prevalent among male and older adolescent victims and in victims killed with sharp instruments over the weekends and during the evenings.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/add.12825","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,1,15]],"date-time":"2015-01-15T03:39:40Z","timestamp":1421293180000},"page":"595-601","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Alcohol consumption in adolescent homicide victims in the city of Johannesburg, South Africa"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"110","author":[{"given":"Lu\u2010Anne","family":"Swart","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Social and Health Sciences University of South Africa, Johannesburg, South Africa and Medical Research Council\/University of South Africa Violence, Injury and Peace Research Unit  Tygerberg South Africa"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mohamed","family":"Seedat","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Social and Health Sciences University of South Africa, Johannesburg, South Africa and Medical Research Council\/University of South Africa Violence, Injury and Peace Research Unit  Tygerberg South Africa"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Juan","family":"Nel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology University of South Africa  Pretoria South Africa"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,1,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_5_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1088767907310851"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1465-3362.2011.00322.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1360-0443.96.1s1.7.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/009145090403100305"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1465-3362.2009.00099.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1088767913493629"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1360-0443.2010.03153.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.9783\/9781512808728"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_10_1","first-page":"959","volume-title":"Comparative Quantification of Health Risks: Global and Regional Burden of Disease Attributable to Selected Risk Factors","author":"Rehm J.","year":"2004"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1360-0443.2005.01015.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_12_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"Alcohol use trends in South Africa","volume":"18","author":"Peltzer K.","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Soc Sci"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_13_1","volume-title":"A Profile of Fatal Injuries in South Africa 2007","author":"Donson H.","year":"2008"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_14_1","volume-title":"A Profile of Fatal Injuries in South Africa: 7th Annual Report of the National Injury Mortality Surveillance System","author":"Prinsloo M.","year":"2007"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_15_1","volume-title":"Umthente Uhlaba Usamila: The 2nd South African National Youth Risk Behaviour Survey","author":"Reddy S. 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