{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]],"date-time":"2026-09-29T02:29:12Z","timestamp":1790648952486,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":18,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,2,9]],"date-time":"2016-02-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1454976000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Addiction"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Aims<\/jats:title><jats:p>To identify factors predicting long\u2010term relapse to smoking in people attending smoking treatment services who have maintained at least 1\u00a0year abstinence.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Design<\/jats:title><jats:p>Observational, prospective study with multiple logistic regression used to model predictors of relapse between 1 and 10\u00a0years from cessation using variables measured pre\u2010cessation.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Setting and participants<\/jats:title><jats:p>Among smokers receiving behavioural support for cessation in a clinic in <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">Spain<\/jats:styled-content>, in some cases with nicotine patches or bupropion, 366 had remained abstinent after 1\u00a0year of follow\u2010up and were included into the study.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Measurements<\/jats:title><jats:p>Predictive measures (disease history, psychological disorder, age of starting smoking, years of smoking, cigarette dependence and smoking cessation treatment used) were obtained at the time of the quit attempt, and \u2018failure\u2019 (defined as reported smoking, loss to follow\u2010up, died or an expired air carbon monoxide reading of &gt;\u00a05\u00a0parts per million) was assessed 10\u00a0years later.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Findings<\/jats:title><jats:p>At follow\u2010up, abstinence status was confirmed in 50.5% (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a0185) of participants, while 21.0% (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a077) reported that they had resumed smoking, and 28.5% (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a0104) were lost to follow\u2010up (also counted as having resumed smoking). In the multiple regression model, the main factor that predicted relapse had a psychological disorder (odds ratio\u00a0=\u00a01.85, 95% confidence interval\u00a0=\u00a01.13\u20133.05; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a00.02).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Having a psychological disorder at the time of stopping smoking is a risk factor for relapse to smoking, even after more than 1\u00a0year of abstinence.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/add.13220","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,10,25]],"date-time":"2015-10-25T01:44:44Z","timestamp":1445737484000},"page":"545-551","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["<b>Predictors of 10\u2010year smoking abstinence in smokers abstinent for 1\u00a0year after treatment<\/b>"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"111","author":[{"given":"Francisco Javier","family":"\u00c1lvarez Guti\u00e9rrez","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Unidad M\u00e9dico Quir\u00fargica de Enfermedades Respiratorias Hospital Universitario Virgen del Roc\u00edo  Seville Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marta","family":"Ferrer Galv\u00e1n","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unidad M\u00e9dico Quir\u00fargica de Enfermedades Respiratorias Hospital Universitario Virgen del Roc\u00edo  Seville Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ana","family":"Ruiz Bernal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unidad M\u00e9dico Quir\u00fargica de Enfermedades Respiratorias Hospital Universitario Virgen del Roc\u00edo  Seville Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Juan Francisco","family":"Medina Gallardo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unidad M\u00e9dico Quir\u00fargica de Enfermedades Respiratorias Hospital Universitario Virgen del Roc\u00edo  Seville 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