{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,28]],"date-time":"2026-06-28T23:36:47Z","timestamp":1782689807019,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,1,13]],"date-time":"2016-01-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1452643200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Addiction"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Aims<\/jats:title><jats:p>Syringe exchange has been suggested as a potential conduit to treatment for drug dependence, but this has never been documented in Europe. The primary aim was to compare the effectiveness of strength\u2010based case management intervention (CMI) against referral only to facilitate treatment attendance in a syringe exchange programme. We also assessed the effectiveness of a syringe exchange programme for referral of heroin\u2010dependent patients to evidence\u2010based treatment with methadone or buprenorphine (buprenorphine\u2013naloxone).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Design<\/jats:title><jats:p>Single\u2010site, two\u2010group randomized controlled trial.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Setting<\/jats:title><jats:p>The syringe exchange programme in Malm\u00f6, Sweden and an out\u2010patient clinic (research treatment facility) for maintenance treatment, situated outside the hospital area and run by Malm\u00f6 Addiction Centre.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Participants<\/jats:title><jats:p>Heroin\u2010dependent patients willing to participate (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a075) were referred to maintenance treatment and randomized to either a strength\u2010based case management intervention aiming to facilitate referral (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a036) or to referral\u2010only (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a039).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Intervention<\/jats:title><jats:p>The intervention group received an appointment for maintenance treatment and a CMI adjusted to individual patient needs. The CMI was semi\u2010structured, assessing the patients\u2019 strengths and needs and identifying what practical help they might need to get to the appointment for maintenance treatment. The control group received an appointment for maintenance treatment.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Measures<\/jats:title><jats:p>The primary outcome was treatment entry.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Findings<\/jats:title><jats:p>Among patients who turned up for recruitment interview and randomization, the percentage of patients who started treatment was 95% in the intervention group and 94% in the control group. Treatment entry was unrelated to intervention status [unadjusted odds ratio (OR)\u00a0=\u00a00.92 (0.12\u20136.89), <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a01.00 and adjusted OR\u00a0=\u00a00.96 (0.12\u20137.83)].<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>A randomized controlled trial in a syringe exchange programme showed no evidence that a strength\u2010based case management intervention improved attendance for treatment over referral alone. Attendance rates were high in both groups.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/add.13249","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,11,28]],"date-time":"2015-11-28T13:18:43Z","timestamp":1448716723000},"page":"866-873","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":22,"title":["Malm\u00f6 Treatment Referral and Intervention Study (MATRIS)\u2014effective referral from syringe exchange to treatment for heroin dependence: a pilot randomized controlled trial"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"111","author":[{"given":"Martin","family":"Br\u00e5b\u00e4ck","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Addiction Center Malm\u00f6 Psychiatry Sk\u00e5ne  Malm\u00f6 Sweden"},{"name":"Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Division of Psychiatry Lund University  Lund Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Suzan","family":"Nilsson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Addiction Center Malm\u00f6 Psychiatry Sk\u00e5ne  Malm\u00f6 Sweden"},{"name":"Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Division of Psychiatry Lund University  Lund Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pernilla","family":"Isendahl","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Division of Psychiatry Lund University  Lund Sweden"},{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases University Hospital Sk\u00e5ne  Malm\u00f6 Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Katja","family":"Troberg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Addiction Center Malm\u00f6 Psychiatry Sk\u00e5ne  Malm\u00f6 Sweden"},{"name":"Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Division of Psychiatry Lund University  Lund Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Louise","family":"Br\u00e5dvik","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Division of Psychiatry Lund University  Lund Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anders","family":"H\u00e5kansson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Addiction Center Malm\u00f6 Psychiatry Sk\u00e5ne  Malm\u00f6 Sweden"},{"name":"Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Division of Psychiatry Lund University  Lund Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,1,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0376-8716(95)01205-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archpsyc.58.5.503"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0447.1990.tb03057.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1360-0443.1995.90571112.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/10826089609045806"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1360-0443.2005.01089.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1176\/ajp.2007.164.5.797"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_1","first-page":"CD002207","article-title":"Buprenorphine maintenance versus placebo or methadone maintenance for opioid dependence","volume":"2","author":"Mattick R. 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