{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,31]],"date-time":"2025-12-31T06:34:44Z","timestamp":1767162884854,"version":"build-2238731810"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,1,3]],"date-time":"2017-01-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1483401600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Addiction"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background and aims<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Most studies reporting alcohol use among fatally injured victims are subject to bias, particularly those related to sample selection and to absence of injury context data. We developed a research method to estimate the prevalence of alcohol consumption and test correlates of alcohol use prior to fatal injuries.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Design, Setting and Participants<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Cross\u2010sectional study based on a probability sample of fatally injured adult victims (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0=\u00a0365) autopsied in S\u00e3o Paulo, Brazil. Victims were sampled within systematically selected 8\u2010hour sampling blocks, generating a representative sample of fatal injuries occurring during all hours of the day for each day of the week between June 2014 and December 2015.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Measurements<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The presence of alcohol and blood alcohol concentration (BAC) were the primary outcomes evaluated according to victims\u2019 socio\u2010demographic, injury context data (type, day, time and injury place) and criminal history characteristics.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Findings<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Alcohol was detected in 30.1% [95% confidence interval (CI)\u00a0=\u00a025.6\u201335.1)] of the victims, with a mean blood alcohol level (BAC) level of 0.11%\u00a0w\/v (95% CI\u00a0=\u00a00.09\u20130.13) among alcohol\u2010positive cases. Black and mixed race victims presented a higher mean BAC than white victims (\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0=\u00a00.03). Fewer than one in every six suicides tested positive for alcohol, while almost half of traffic\u2010related casualties were alcohol\u2010positive. Having suffered traffic\u2010related injuries, particularly those involving vehicle crashes, and injuries occurring during weekends and at night were associated significantly with alcohol use before injury (\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0&lt;\u00a00.05).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Nearly one\u2010third of fatal injuries in S\u00e3o Paulo between June 2014 and December 2015 were alcohol\u2010related, with traffic accidents showing a greater association with alcohol use than other injuries. The sampling methodology tested here, including the possibility of adding injury context data to improve population\u2010based estimates of alcohol use before fatal injury, appears to be a reliable and lower\u2010cost strategy for avoiding biases common in death investigations.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/add.13688","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,11,6]],"date-time":"2016-11-06T20:34:44Z","timestamp":1478464484000},"page":"596-603","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Alcohol use among fatally injured victims in S\u00e3o Paulo, Brazil: bridging the gap between research and health services in developing countries"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"112","author":[{"given":"Gabriel","family":"Andreuccetti","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University of S\u00e3o Paulo Medical School  S\u00e3o Paulo Brazil"},{"name":"Alcohol Research Group  Emeryville CA USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Vilma","family":"Leyton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of S\u00e3o Paulo Medical School  S\u00e3o Paulo Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nikolas P.","family":"Lemos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Forensic Laboratory Division Office of the Chief Medical Examiner  San Francisco CA USA"},{"name":"Department of Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine University of California  San Francisco CA USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ivan Dieb","family":"Miziara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of S\u00e3o Paulo Medical School  S\u00e3o Paulo Brazil"},{"name":"Technical\u2010Scientific Police Superintendency of the State of S\u00e3o Paulo  S\u00e3o Paulo Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yu","family":"Ye","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Alcohol Research Group  Emeryville CA USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Juliana","family":"Takitane","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of S\u00e3o Paulo Medical School  S\u00e3o Paulo Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Daniel Romero","family":"Munoz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of S\u00e3o Paulo Medical School  S\u00e3o Paulo Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Arthur L.","family":"Reingold","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Public Health University of California  Berkeley CA USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Cheryl J.","family":"Cherpitel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Alcohol Research Group  Emeryville CA USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Heraclito Barbosa","family":"de Carvalho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of S\u00e3o Paulo Medical School  S\u00e3o Paulo Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,1,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","volume-title":"Pioneers in Epidemiology and Public Health","author":"Rothman K. 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