{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,31]],"date-time":"2026-07-31T22:29:39Z","timestamp":1785536979803,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,8,23]],"date-time":"2017-08-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1503446400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100005416","name":"Norges Forskningsr\u00e5d","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["226985"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["226985"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100005416","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000026","name":"National Institute on Drug Abuse","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["1R01DA037558\u201001A1"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["1R01DA037558\u201001A1"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000026","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100009471","name":"EkstraStiftelsen Helse og Rehabilitering","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100009471","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004966","name":"Fifth Framework Programme","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["QLG2\u2010CT\u20102002\u201001254"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["QLG2\u2010CT\u20102002\u201001254"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004966","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Addiction"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background and Aims<\/jats:title><jats:p>The DSM\u2010IV personality disorders (PDs) are comorbid with alcohol use disorder (AUD) and with each other. It remains unclear which PD criteria are most likely to drive onset and recurrence of AUD and which are merely confounded with those criteria. We determine which individual PD criteria predict AUD and the degree of underlying genetic and\/or environmental aetiology.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Design<\/jats:title><jats:p>A prospective observational twin study.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Setting<\/jats:title><jats:p>Norway 1999\u20132011.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Participants<\/jats:title><jats:p>A total of 2528 and 2275 Norwegian adult twins in waves 1 and 2 variable\u2010selection analyses, and 2785 in biometric analyses.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Measurements<\/jats:title><jats:p>DSM\u2010IV PDs and their 80 criteria were assessed using a structured personal interview, and AUD using the World Health Organization's Composite International Diagnostic Interview.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Findings<\/jats:title><jats:p>In a variable\u2010selection analysis, two PD criteria were associated with AUD even after taking all the other criteria into account: criterion 8 of antisocial PD (childhood conduct disorder) and criterion 4 of borderline PD (self\u2010damaging impulsive behaviours). Adjusting for each other, their respective odds ratios were 3.4 [confidence interval (CI)\u00a0=\u00a02.1\u20135.4] and 5.0 (CI\u00a0=\u00a03.3\u20137.7). Endorsement strength of the criteria was associated with AUD in a dose\u2013response manner and they explained 5.5% of variation in AUD risk\u2014more than the full diagnoses of antisocial and borderline PDs together (0.5%). The association between borderline criterion 4 and AUD 10\u00a0years later derived mainly from their overlapping genetic factors, whereas the association between antisocial criterion 8 and AUD 10\u00a0years later was due to both genetic and non\u2010genetic factors.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Conduct disorder and self\u2010harming impulsivity are the foremost risk traits for alcohol use disorder among the 80 personality disorder criteria of DSM\u2010IV, predicting alcohol use disorder more effectively than personality disorder diagnoses. The twin\u2010study analysis suggested that conduct disorder represents a joint genetic and developmental risk for alcohol use disorder and that impulsivity is a genetic risk.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/add.13951","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,7,22]],"date-time":"2017-07-22T14:52:34Z","timestamp":1500735154000},"page":"15-24","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":37,"title":["Prediction of alcohol use disorder using personality disorder traits: a twin study"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"113","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8277-3776","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tom","family":"Rosenstr\u00f6m","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Mental Disorders Norwegian Institute of Public Health  Oslo Norway"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fartein Ask","family":"Torvik","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Mental Disorders Norwegian Institute of Public Health  Oslo Norway"},{"name":"Department of Psychology University of Oslo  Norway"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4390-6171","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Eivind","family":"Ystrom","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Mental Disorders Norwegian Institute of Public Health  Oslo Norway"},{"name":"Department of Psychology University of Oslo  Norway"},{"name":"PharmacoEpidemiology and Drug Safety Research Group, School of Pharmacy University of Oslo  Norway"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nikolai Olavi","family":"Czajkowski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Mental Disorders Norwegian Institute of Public Health  Oslo Norway"},{"name":"Department of Psychology University of Oslo  Norway"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8655-2823","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nathan A.","family":"Gillespie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry Virginia Institute for Psychiatric and Behavioral Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University  Richmond Virginia USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Steven H.","family":"Aggen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry Virginia Institute for Psychiatric and Behavioral Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University  Richmond Virginia USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Robert F.","family":"Krueger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology University of Minnesota  USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kenneth S.","family":"Kendler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry Virginia Institute for Psychiatric and Behavioral Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University  Richmond Virginia USA"},{"name":"Deparment of Human and Molecular Genetics Virginia Commonwealth University  Richmond Virginia USA"},{"name":"Department of Psychiatry Virginia Commonwealth University  Richmond Virginia USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ted","family":"Reichborn\u2010Kjennerud","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Mental Disorders Norwegian Institute of Public Health  Oslo Norway"},{"name":"Institute of Clinical Medicine University of Oslo  Norway"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,8,23]]},"container-title":["Addiction"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1111%2Fadd.13951","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/add.13951","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,29]],"date-time":"2023-09-29T20:37:31Z","timestamp":1696019851000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/add.13951"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2017,8,23]]},"references-count":0,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/add.13951"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/add.13951","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0965-2140","1360-0443"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0965-2140","type":"print"},{"value":"1360-0443","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2017,8,23]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2016-12-14","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2017-07-14","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2017-08-23","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}