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We focused on associations of parental AUDs and parental separation with substance initiation and sexual debut to (1) test the strength of the associations of parental AUDs and parental separation with time to initiation (age in years) of alcohol, tobacco and cannabis use and sexual debut and (2) compare the strength of association of parental AUD and parental separation with initiation.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Design<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Prospective adolescent and young adult cohort of a high\u2010risk family study, the Collaborative Study on the Genetics of Alcoholism (COGA).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Setting<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Six sites in the United States.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Participants<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A total of 3257 offspring (aged 14\u201333\u00a0years) first assessed in 2004 and sought for interview approximately every 2\u00a0years thereafter; 1945 (59.7%) offspring had a parent with an AUD.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Measurements<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Diagnostic interview data on offspring substance use and sexual debut were based on first report of these experiences. Parental life\u2010time AUD was based on their own self\u2010report when parents were interviewed (1991\u20132005) for most parents, or on offspring and other family member reports for parents who were not interviewed. Parental separation was based on offspring reports of not living with both biological parents most of the time between ages 12 and 17\u00a0years.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Findings<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Parental AUDs were associated with increased hazards for all outcomes, with cumulative hazards ranging from 1.19 to 2.71. Parental separation was also an independent and consistent predictor of early substance use and sexual debut, with hazards ranging from 1.19 to 2.34. The strength of association of parental separation with substance initiation was equal to that of having two AUD\u2010affected parents, and its association with sexual debut was stronger than the association of parental AUD in one or both parents.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Parental alcohol use disorders (AUDs) and parental separation are independent and consistent predictors of increased risk for early alcohol, tobacco and cannabis use and sexual debut in offspring from families with a high risk of parental AUDs.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/add.14003","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,8,13]],"date-time":"2017-08-13T20:42:39Z","timestamp":1502656959000},"page":"336-345","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":39,"title":["Associations of parental alcohol use disorders and parental separation with offspring initiation of alcohol, cigarette and cannabis use and sexual debut in high\u2010risk families"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"113","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2694-5438","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Vivia V.","family":"McCutcheon","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Washington University School of Medicine Department of Psychiatry  St Louis MO USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Arpana","family":"Agrawal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Washington University School of Medicine Department of Psychiatry  St Louis MO USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sally I\u2010Chun","family":"Kuo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Virginia Commonwealth University Departments of Psychology, African\u2010American Studies, &amp; Human and Molecular Genetics  Richmond VA 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