{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,2]],"date-time":"2026-07-02T22:00:44Z","timestamp":1783029644399,"version":"3.54.6"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,2,20]],"date-time":"2018-02-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1519084800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000289","name":"Cancer Research UK","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["C18281\/A19169"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["C18281\/A19169"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000289","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000274","name":"British Heart Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000274","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100005292","name":"Instituto de Pesquisa Translacional em Sa\u00fade e Ambiente na Regi\u00e3o Amaz\u00f4nica","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100005292","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000265","name":"Medical Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["MR\/N01006X\/1"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["MR\/N01006X\/1"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000265","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Addiction"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Aims<\/jats:title><jats:p>To investigate whether smokers prescribed varenicline had lower risks of serious ill\u2010health during the 4 years following treatment compared with those prescribed nicotine replacement therapy (NRT).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Design<\/jats:title><jats:p>Observational cohort study of electronic medical records.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Setting<\/jats:title><jats:p>A total of 370 UK general practices sampled from the Clinical Practice Research Datalink.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Participants<\/jats:title><jats:p>A total of 126\u2009718 patients aged 18 and over who were issued smoking cessation prescriptions between 1 September 2006 and 31 March 2014.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Measurements<\/jats:title><jats:p>Our primary outcome was all\u2010cause mortality within 2\u00a0years of first prescription as indicated by linked Office of National Statistics data. Our secondary outcomes were cause\u2010specific mortality, all\u2010cause, cause\u2010specific hospitalization, primary care diagnosis of myocardial infarction or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), body mass index and attendance rate to primary care within 2\u00a0years of first prescription. Risk differences and 95% confidence intervals were estimated by multivariable adjusted regression and propensity score matched regression. We used instrumental variable analysis to overcome residual confounding.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Findings<\/jats:title><jats:p>People prescribed varenicline were healthier at baseline than those prescribed NRT in almost all characteristics, highlighting the potential for residual confounding. Our instrumental variable analysis results found that people prescribed varenicline had a similar risk of mortality at 2\u00a0years [risk difference per 100 patients treated\u00a0=\u00a00.67, 95% confidence interval (CI)\u00a0=\u00a0\u20100.11 to 1.46)] to those prescribed NRT, and there were similar rates of all\u2010cause hospitalization, incident primary\u2010care diagnoses of myocardial infarction and COPD. People prescribed varenicline subsequently attended primary care less frequently.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Smokers prescribed varenicline in primary care in the United Kingdom do not appear to be less likely to die, be hospitalized or experience a myocardial infarction or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease during the following 2\u00a0years compared with smokers prescribed nicotine replacement therapy, but they gain more weight and attend primary care less frequently.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/add.14146","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,2,21]],"date-time":"2018-02-21T19:19:41Z","timestamp":1519240781000},"page":"1105-1116","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["The effects of prescribing varenicline on two\u2010year health outcomes: an observational cohort study using electronic medical records"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"113","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2460-0508","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Neil M.","family":"Davies","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical Research Council Integrative Epidemiology Unit University of Bristol  Bristol UK"},{"name":"Bristol Medical School, Population Health Sciences University of Bristol  Bristol UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2185-0162","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gemma M. J.","family":"Taylor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical Research Council Integrative Epidemiology Unit University of Bristol  Bristol UK"},{"name":"UK Centre for Tobacco and Alcohol Studies, School of Experimental Psychology University of Bristol  Bristol UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1853-0563","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Amy E.","family":"Taylor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical Research Council Integrative Epidemiology Unit University of Bristol  Bristol UK"},{"name":"UK Centre for Tobacco and Alcohol Studies, School of Experimental Psychology University of Bristol  Bristol UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1199-8668","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Timothy","family":"Jones","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Institute for Health Research Collaboration for Leadership in Applied Health Research and Care West (NIHR CLAHRC West) University Hospitals Bristol NHS Foundation Trust  Bristol UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Richard M.","family":"Martin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical Research Council Integrative Epidemiology Unit University of Bristol  Bristol UK"},{"name":"Bristol Medical School, Population Health Sciences University of Bristol  Bristol UK"},{"name":"National Institute for Health Research Collaboration for Leadership in Applied Health Research and Care West (NIHR CLAHRC West) University Hospitals Bristol NHS Foundation Trust  Bristol UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4049-993X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marcus R.","family":"Munaf\u00f2","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical Research Council Integrative Epidemiology Unit University of Bristol  Bristol UK"},{"name":"UK Centre for Tobacco and Alcohol Studies, School of Experimental Psychology University of Bristol  Bristol UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4232-2783","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Frank","family":"Windmeijer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical Research Council Integrative Epidemiology Unit University of Bristol  Bristol UK"},{"name":"Department of Economics University of Bristol  Bristol UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kyla H.","family":"Thomas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Bristol Medical School, Population Health Sciences University of Bristol  Bristol UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,2,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.CD009329.pub2"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.e2856"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.h1109"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(16)30272-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ije\/dyx109"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S2213-2600(15)00320-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.f5704"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.ede.0000222409.00878.37"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.ede.0000193606.58671.c5"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2015-009665"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ije\/dyv098"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/EDE.0b013e3181875e61"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/kwv254"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2013.283787"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.290.1.86"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2125.2009.03537.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1536867X0900900308"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_19_1","article-title":"PSMATCH2: Stata module to perform full Mahalanobis and propensity score matching, common support graphing, and covariate imbalance testing","author":"Leuven E.","year":"2012","journal-title":"Stat Softw Components"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ije\/29.4.722"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclinepi.2013.06.008"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/01621459.2012.734171"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/EDE.0000000000000287"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/EDE.0000000000000302"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/EDE.0b013e31828abafb"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-152-1-201001050-00005"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.f2350"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/biom.12699"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.113.003961"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_30_1","unstructured":"Study To Evaluate Cardiac Assessments Following Different Treatments Of Smoking CessationMedications In Subjects With And Without Psychiatric Disorders. Study Results\u2014ClinicalTrials.gov [internet]. Available at:https:\/\/clinicaltrials.gov\/ct2\/show\/NCT01574703(accessed 12 August 2017) (Archived athttp:\/\/www.webcitation.org\/6vYop4XAB)."},{"key":"e_1_2_7_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/2951620"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S2213-8587(15)00082-0"}],"container-title":["Addiction"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1111%2Fadd.14146","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/add.14146","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,17]],"date-time":"2023-09-17T14:37:01Z","timestamp":1694961421000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/add.14146"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2018,2,20]]},"references-count":31,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,6]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/add.14146"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/add.14146","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0965-2140","1360-0443"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0965-2140","type":"print"},{"value":"1360-0443","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2018,2,20]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2017-06-16","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2017-12-19","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2018-02-20","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}