{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,24]],"date-time":"2026-09-24T00:06:12Z","timestamp":1790208372424,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,2,14]],"date-time":"2018-02-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1518566400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001504","name":"Ministry of Health, New Zealand","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001504","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Addiction"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background and aims<\/jats:title><jats:p>Problem gambling is a significant public health issue world\u2010wide. There is substantial investment in publicly funded intervention services, but limited evaluation of effectiveness. This study investigated three brief telephone interventions to determine whether they were more effective than standard helpline treatment in helping people to reduce gambling.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Design<\/jats:title><jats:p>Randomized clinical trial.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Setting<\/jats:title><jats:p>National gambling helpline in New Zealand.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Participants<\/jats:title><jats:p>A total of 462 adults with problem gambling.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Interventions and comparator<\/jats:title><jats:p>(1) Single motivational interview (MI), (2) single motivational interview plus cognitive\u2013behavioural self\u2010help workbook (MI\u00a0+\u00a0W) and (3) single motivational interview plus workbook plus four booster follow\u2010up telephone interviews (MI\u00a0+\u00a0W\u00a0+\u00a0B). Comparator was helpline standard care [treatment as usual (TAU)]. Blinded follow\u2010up was at 3, 6 and 12\u00a0months.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Measurements<\/jats:title><jats:p>Primary outcomes were days gambled, dollars lost per day and treatment goal success.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Findings<\/jats:title><jats:p>There were no differences across treatment arms, although participants showed large reductions in gambling during the 12\u2010month follow\u2010up period [mean reduction of 5.5\u00a0days, confidence interval (CI)\u00a0=\u00a04.8, 6.2; NZ$38 lost ($32, $44; 80.6%), improved (77.2%, 84.0%)]. Subgroup analysis revealed improved days gambled and dollars lost for MI\u00a0+\u00a0W\u00a0+\u00a0B over MI or MI\u00a0+\u00a0W for a goal of reduction of gambling (versus quitting) and improvement in dollars lost by ethnicity, gambling severity and psychological distress (all<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a00.01). MI\u00a0+\u00a0W\u00a0+\u00a0B was associated with greater treatment goal success for higher gambling severity than TAU or MI at 12\u00a0months and also better for those with higher psychological distress and lower self\u2010efficacy to MI (all<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a00.01). TAU and MI were found to be equivalent in terms of dollars lost.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>In treatment of problem gambling in New Zealand, brief telephone interventions are associated with changes in days gambling and dollars lost similar to more intensive interventions, suggesting that more treatment is not necessarily better than less. Some client subgroups, in particular those with greater problem severity and greater distress, achieve better outcomes when they receive more intensive treatment.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/add.14149","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,12,24]],"date-time":"2017-12-24T10:29:54Z","timestamp":1514111394000},"page":"883-895","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":25,"title":["Brief telephone interventions for problem gambling: a randomized controlled trial"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"113","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1598-0390","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Max","family":"Abbott","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Health and Environmental Sciences Auckland University of Technology Auckland New Zealand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2737-5200","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"David C.","family":"Hodgins","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology University of Calgary Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maria","family":"Bellringer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Health and Environmental Sciences Auckland University of Technology Auckland New Zealand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alain C.","family":"Vandal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Health and Environmental Sciences Auckland University of Technology Auckland New Zealand"},{"name":"Health Intelligence and Informatics, Ko Awatea, Counties Manukau Health Otahuhu Auckland New Zealand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Katie","family":"Palmer Du Preez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Health and Environmental Sciences Auckland University of Technology Auckland New Zealand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jason","family":"Landon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Health and Environmental Sciences Auckland University of Technology Auckland New Zealand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sean","family":"Sullivan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Abacus Counselling, Training and Supervision Ltd Auckland New Zealand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7973-1003","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Simone","family":"Rodda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Health and Environmental Sciences Auckland University of Technology Auckland New Zealand"},{"name":"School of Population Health University of Auckland New Zealand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Valery","family":"Feigin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Health and Environmental Sciences Auckland University of Technology Auckland New Zealand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,2,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(10)62185-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","unstructured":"WilliamsR. 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