{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,30]],"date-time":"2026-07-30T13:06:44Z","timestamp":1785416804326,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":53,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,4,1]],"date-time":"2018-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1522540800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,4,1]],"date-time":"2018-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1522540800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"name":"Alkermes, Inc"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Addiction"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background and Aims<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Extended\u2010release naltrexone (XR\u2010NTX), a \u03bc\u2010opioid receptor antagonist for prevention of relapse to opioid dependence, has demonstrated efficacy compared with placebo and comparative effectiveness with buprenorphine\u2013naloxone. We report outcomes for XR\u2010NTX in Vivitrol's Cost and Treatment Outcomes Registry.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Design<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Observational, open\u2010label, single\u2010arm, multi\u2010center registry assessing baseline characteristics and clinical and health\u2010related quality\u2010of\u2010life outcomes associated with XR\u2010NTX treatment in clinical practice.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Setting<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>32 US treatment centers from 2011 to 2013.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Participants<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Patients with opioid dependence who were prescribed XR\u2010NTX treatment and then enrolled into the registry.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Measurements<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Monthly visits were evaluated for the full population and for patient ubgroups retrospectively, defined by injection number, focusing on the period between baseline and month 6 (1\u2010, 2\/3\u2010 or 6\u2010XR\u2010NTX).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Findings<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Of 403 enrolled patients, 395 were analyzed. Most patients (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0=\u00a0349) received out\u2010patient care. On average, patients received five injections (median\u00a0=\u00a03; range\u00a0=\u00a01\u201325). The median number of injections administered within 6\u00a0months was higher in patients who at baseline were employed (three versus two unemployed,\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0=\u00a00.02) or had private insurance (five versus two self\u2010payment,\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0=\u00a00.005; versus two state\u2010funded,\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0&lt;\u00a00.001). The 1\u2010, 2\/3\u2010 and 6\u2010XR\u2010NTX groups had 132, 152 and 111 patients, respectively. At baseline, the 6\u2010XR\u2010NTX patients were more likely to meet normal\/minimal mental illness criteria and attend school and less likely to report recent drug use. Within 6\u00a0months, the 6\u2010XR\u2010NTX group demonstrated improvements in employment, mental health and psychosocial functioning, and decreases in opioid craving, drug use and drug\u2010related behavior.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Among opioid\u2010dependent people receiving XR\u2010NTX treatment, better mental health, higher education and lower recent drug use at baseline are associated with greater treatment duration; in turn, longer treatment duration is associated with lower relapse rates and improved outcomes generally.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/add.14199","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,3,1]],"date-time":"2018-03-01T09:03:20Z","timestamp":1519895000000},"page":"1477-1487","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":26,"title":["Extended\u2010release naltrexone (XR\u2010NTX) for opioid use disorder in clinical practice: Vivitrol's Cost and Treatment Outcomes Registry"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"113","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3880-2589","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andrew J.","family":"Saxon","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Center of Excellence in Substance Abuse Treatment and Education VA Puget Sound Health Care System  Seattle WA USA"},{"name":"Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences University of Washington  Seattle WA USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sarah C.","family":"Akerman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Alkermes, Inc.  Waltham MA USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chih\u2010Chin","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Alkermes, Inc.  Waltham MA USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maria A.","family":"Sullivan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Alkermes, Inc.  Waltham MA USA"},{"name":"Columbia University  New York NY USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bernard L.","family":"Silverman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Alkermes, Inc.  Waltham MA USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Frank J.","family":"Vocci","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Friends Research Institute, Inc.  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