{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,12]],"date-time":"2026-02-12T11:27:43Z","timestamp":1770895663904,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,6,22]],"date-time":"2018-06-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1529625600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012446","name":"Akershus University Hospital","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012446","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"Norwegian Centre for Addiction Research"},{"name":"The Research Council of Norway","award":["204725-3"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["204725-3"]}]},{"name":"The Western Norway Regional Health Authority"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Addiction"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background and aim<\/jats:title><jats:p>This is a follow\u2010up study of a previously published randomized clinical trial conducted in Norway that compared extended\u2010release naltrexone (XR\u2010NTX) to buprenorphine\u2013naloxone (BP\u2010NLX) over 3\u00a0months. At the conclusion of the trial, participants were offered their choice of study medication for an additional 9\u00a0months. While BP\u2010NLX was available at no cost through opioid maintenance treatment programmes, XR\u2010NTX was available only through study participation, accounting for why almost all participants chose XR\u2010NTX in the follow\u2010up. The aim of this follow\u2010up study was to compare differences in outcome between adults with opioid dependence continuing XR\u2010NTX and those inducted on XR\u2010NTX for a 9\u2010month period, on measures of effectiveness, safety and feasibility.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Design<\/jats:title><jats:p>In this prospective cohort study, participants were either continuing XR\u2010NTX, changed from BP\u2010NLX to XR\u2010NTX or re\u2010included into the study and inducted on XR\u2010NTX treatment.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Setting<\/jats:title><jats:p>Five urban, out\u2010patient addiction clinics in Norway.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Participants<\/jats:title><jats:p>Opioid\u2010dependent adults continuing (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a054) or inducted on (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a063) XR\u2010NTX.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Intervention<\/jats:title><jats:p>XR\u2010NTX administrated as intramuscular injections (380\u00a0mg) every fourth week.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Measurements<\/jats:title><jats:p>Data on retention, use of heroin and other illicit substances, opioid craving, treatment satisfaction, addiction\u2010related problems and adverse events were reported every fourth week.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Findings<\/jats:title><jats:p>Nine\u2010month follow\u2010up completion rates were 51.9% among participants continuing XR\u2010NTX in the follow\u2010up and 47.6% among those inducted on XR\u2010NTX. Opioid abstinence rates were, respectively, 53.7 and 44.4%. No significant group differences were found in use of heroin and other opioids.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Opioid\u2010dependent individuals who elect to switch from buprenorphine\u2013naltrexone treatment after 3\u00a0months to extended\u2010release naltrexone treatment for 9\u00a0months appear to experience similar treatment completion and abstinence rates and similar adverse event profiles to individuals who had been on extended\u2010release naltrexone from the start of treatment.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/add.14278","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,5,28]],"date-time":"2018-05-28T13:14:37Z","timestamp":1527513277000},"page":"1840-1849","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":27,"title":["Effectiveness, safety and feasibility of extended\u2010release naltrexone for opioid dependence: a 9\u2010month follow\u2010up to a 3\u2010month 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