{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T00:43:12Z","timestamp":1787013792105,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,3,10]],"date-time":"2019-03-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1552176000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100013363","name":"Lunge Z\u00fcrich","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["Study Grant of May 17, 2016"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Study Grant of May 17, 2016"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100013363","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Addiction"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Aims<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To estimate the prevalence of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and related risk factors in people in opioid agonist treatment (OAT), to compare airflow limitation severity and age\u2010specific COPD prevalence rates with those in the general population, and to assess the OAT patients\u2019 willingness to adopt life\u2010style changes and to use therapeutic offers for COPD management.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Design<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Cross\u2010sectional study in a random sample of OAT patients.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Setting<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Out\u2010patient centres for substance addiction medicine in Zurich, Switzerland.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Participants<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A total of 125 participants, recruited from November 2016 to April 2017 through invitation letters followed by phone or personal contact.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Measurements<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Standardized questionnaires about drug use, smoking habits and medical history, completed during face\u2010to\u2010face interviews or from medical records. Spirometry without and\u2014depending on the result\u2014with bronchodilation.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Findings<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Almost one\u2010third [30.3%; 95% confidence interval (CI)\u00a0=\u00a022.6\u201339.0%] of the 119 participants with valid spirometry tests were diagnosed with COPD. Among males aged 30\u201359\u00a0years, the age\u2010adjusted prevalence of at least moderate airflow limitation (GOLD grade \u2265 2) was 2.4 (95% CI\u00a0=\u00a01.3\u20134.4) times as high as in the ever\u2010smoking Swiss population in the same age group. Smoking tobacco (92.0%) and substance inhalation (cannabis\u00a0=\u00a097.6%, cocaine\u00a0=\u00a069.6%, heroin\u00a0=\u00a068.0%) were highly prevalent among all participants. The participants expressed considerable interest in life\u2010style changes and use of therapeutic offers for COPD management, with smoking cessation being least (20.2% of tobacco smokers interested) and pharmacological treatment to alleviate COPD symptoms most popular.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In Switzerland, COPD prevalence and multiple risk factors for COPD appear to be high among people in OAT compared with the general population. Individuals in OAT appear to develop COPD at a younger average age compared with the general population and are open to life\u2010style changes and other COPD management approaches.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/add.14559","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,1,24]],"date-time":"2019-01-24T15:48:17Z","timestamp":1548344897000},"page":"868-876","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":20,"title":["Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) among opioid\u2010dependent patients in agonist treatment. A diagnostic study"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"114","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1564-5296","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Thomas","family":"Grischott","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Primary Care (IHAMZ) University and University Hospital of Zurich  Zurich Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Luis","family":"Falcato","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Arud Centre for Addiction Medicine  Zurich Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Oliver","family":"Senn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Primary Care (IHAMZ) University and University Hospital of Zurich  Zurich Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Milo Alan","family":"Puhan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Prevention Institute (EBPI) University of Zurich  Zurich Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Philip","family":"Bruggmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Primary Care (IHAMZ) University and University Hospital of Zurich  Zurich Switzerland"},{"name":"Arud Centre for Addiction Medicine  Zurich Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,3,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1965.03090080008002"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","first-page":"2017","volume-title":"European Drug Report 2017: trends and developments","author":"European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/civ476"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/dar.12031"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0376-8716(02)00193-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/15412555.2015.1082999"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2016-012823"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S2213-2600(14)70008-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_10_1","volume-title":"Symptoms and COPD risk factors in opioid\u2010dependent persons in substitution treatment: feasibility of a COPD prevalence study","author":"Mader T.","year":"2017"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.00004110"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.00102509"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00005650-199603000-00003"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.2.5213.1665"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000243162"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.117.4.1146"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_17_1","unstructured":"GOLD Science Committee.Global Strategy for the Diagnosis Management and Prevention of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (2018 report). Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease (GOLD);2018. Available at:https:\/\/goldcopd.org\/wp\u2010content\/uploads\/2017\/11\/GOLD\u20102018\u2010v6.0\u2010FINAL\u2010revised\u201020\u2010Nov_WMS.pdf(accessed 1 February 2019) (Archived athttp:\/\/www.webcitation.org\/75rKghtO5on 1 February 2019)."},{"key":"e_1_2_9_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1465-9921-13-13"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_19_1","volume-title":"Tobacco\/Annual Report\u2010Data 2011","author":"Kuendig H.","year":"2012"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_20_1","unstructured":"Federal Statistical Office (FSO).Permanent and non\u2010permanent resident population by institutional units citizenship (category) sex and age (internet). STAT\u2010TAB\u2014interactive tables. Available at:www.pxweb.bfs.admin.ch\/pxweb\/en\/px\u2010x\u20100102010000_101(accessed 23 November 2018) (Archived athttp:\/\/www.webcitation.org\/73tfvEg2Kon 23 November2018)."},{"key":"e_1_2_9_21_1","volume-title":"Heroin\u2010assisted treatment in Switzerland\u2010results of the 2016 survey","author":"Hiltebrand D","year":"2017"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_22_1","volume-title":"Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: Management of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease in Adults in Primary and Secondary Care","author":"National Clinical Guideline Centre","year":"2010"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000450555"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000398816"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2147\/COPD.S24692"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2147\/COPD.S49622"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S2213-2600(16)30267-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1183\/13993003.01375-2017"}],"container-title":["Addiction"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1111%2Fadd.14559","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/add.14559","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1111\/add.14559","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/add.14559","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,9]],"date-time":"2023-09-09T05:27:53Z","timestamp":1694237273000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/add.14559"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,3,10]]},"references-count":27,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,5]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/add.14559"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/add.14559","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0965-2140","1360-0443"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0965-2140","type":"print"},{"value":"1360-0443","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,3,10]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2018-06-08","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2019-01-14","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2019-03-10","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}