{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]],"date-time":"2026-09-29T13:32:09Z","timestamp":1790688729748,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,3,12]],"date-time":"2019-03-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1552348800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003243","name":"Ministerstvo Zdravotnictv\u00ed Cesk\u00e9 Republiky","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["16\u201028157A"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["16\u201028157A"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003243","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Addiction"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background and Aims<\/jats:title><jats:p>Our understanding of the long\u2010term safety of prenatal exposure to opioid maintenance treatment (OMT) is insufficient. We compared childhood morbidity (0\u20133\u00a0years) between OMT\u2010exposed and relevant comparison groups.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Design<\/jats:title><jats:p>Nation\u2010wide, registry\u2010based cohort study. Registries on reproductive health, addiction treatment, hospitalization and death were linked using identification numbers.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Setting<\/jats:title><jats:p>The Czech Republic (2000\u201314).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Participants<\/jats:title><jats:p>Children with different prenatal exposure: (i) mother in OMT during pregnancy (OMT; <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a0218), (ii) mother discontinued OMT before pregnancy (OMT\u2010D; <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a055), (iii) mother with opioid use disorder, but not in OMT during pregnancy (OUD; <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a085) and (iv) mother in the general population (GP) (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a01\u2009238\u2009452)<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Measurements<\/jats:title><jats:p>Episodes of hospitalization were observed as outcomes. Information on in\u2010patient contacts, length of stay and diagnoses (International Classification of Diseases version 10) were assessed. Binary logistic regressions were conducted to estimate the associations between OMT exposure and the outcomes, crude and adjusted for the socio\u2010economic status and smoking.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Findings<\/jats:title><jats:p>No significant differences were found in the overall proportion of hospitalization among OMT\u2010exposed children, children of OMT\u2010D and children of women with OUD [54.1%, 95% confidence interval (CI)\u00a0=\u00a047.3\u201360.1%; 47.3%, 95% CI\u00a0=\u00a033.9\u201361.1%; 51.8%, 95% CI\u00a0=\u00a040.7%\u201362.6%], while the proportion was significantly lower (35.8%, 95% CI\u00a0=\u00a035.7\u201335.8%) in the GP. There were no significant differences in risk of specific diagnoses between OMT\u2010exposed children, children of OMT\u2010D and children of women with OUD. In the adjusted analyses, differences between OMT\u2010exposed and children in the GP were still present for infections and parasitic diseases (OR\u00a0=\u00a02.0, 95% CI =\u00a01.4\u20132.7), diseases of the digestive system (OR\u00a0=\u00a01.7, 95% CI\u00a0=\u00a01.2\u20132.6) and diseases of the skin and subcutaneous tissue (OR\u00a0=\u00a01.9, 95% CI\u00a0=\u00a01.2\u20133.2).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>This study did not find clear evidence for an increase in risk of morbidity during the first 3\u00a0years of life in children with prenatal opioid maintenance treatment exposure compared with children of women who discontinued such treatment before pregnancy or suffered from opioid use disorder without this treatment. Compared the general population, there appears to be an increased risk of hospitalizations for infectious, gastrointestinal and skin diseases.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/add.14576","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,2,6]],"date-time":"2019-02-06T14:43:25Z","timestamp":1549464205000},"page":"1225-1235","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Hospitalization of children after prenatal exposure to opioid maintenance therapy during pregnancy: a national registry study from the Czech Republic"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"114","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7525-9701","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Svetlana","family":"Skurtveit","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Norwegian institute of Public Health  Oslo Norway"},{"name":"Norwegian Centre for Addiction Research at the University of Oslo  Norway"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8172-6089","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Blanka","family":"Nechansk\u00e1","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Addictology, First Faculty of Medicine Charles University  Czech Republic"},{"name":"Institute of Health Information and Statistics of the  Czech Republic"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1773-0184","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marte","family":"Handal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Norwegian institute of Public Health  Oslo Norway"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0203-9924","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Milada","family":"Mahic","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Norwegian institute of Public Health  Oslo Norway"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5062-5744","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Viktor","family":"Mrav\u010d\u00edk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Addictology, First Faculty of Medicine Charles University  Czech Republic"},{"name":"National Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Addiction  Prague Czech Republic"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7672-3753","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Roman","family":"Gabrhel\u00edk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Addictology, First Faculty of Medicine Charles University  Czech Republic"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,3,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","volume-title":"Guidelines for Identification and Management of Substance Use and Substance Use Disorders in Pregnancy","author":"World Health Organization (WHO)","year":"2014"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2174\/157015908784533842"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/10550490802266276"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","first-page":"5","article-title":"Birth and neonatal outcomes following opioid use in pregnancy: a Danish population\u2010based study","volume":"9","author":"Norgaard M.","year":"2015","journal-title":"Subst Abuse Res Treat"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.earlhumdev.2007.01.013"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2017.11.030"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/09297049.2011.553591"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.earlhumdev.2016.08.013"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00431-015-2562-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/ajad.12642"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_12_1","first-page":"e160","article-title":"Are infants exposed to methadone in utero at an increased risk for mortality?","volume":"19","author":"Kelly L. 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