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Little is known about trends in the diagnosis of OUD and in buprenorphine prescribing by physicians in office\u2010based medical practices. We sought to characterize OUD diagnoses and buprenorphine prescribing among adults with OUD in the United States between 2006 and 2015.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Design and settings<\/jats:title><jats:p>We used a repeated cross\u2010sectional design, based on data from the 2006\u201315 National Ambulatory Medical Care Surveys that surveyed nationally representative samples of office\u2010based out\u2010patient physician visits.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Participants<\/jats:title><jats:p>Adult patients aged 18\u00a0years or older with a diagnosis of OUD (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a01034 unweighted) were included.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Measurements<\/jats:title><jats:p>Buprenorphine prescribing was defined by whether visits involved buprenorphine or buprenorphine\u2013naloxone, or not. We also examined other covariates (e.g. age, gender, race and psychiatric comorbidities).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Findings<\/jats:title><jats:p>We observed an almost tripling of the diagnosis of OUD from 0.14% in 2006\u201310 to 0.38% in 2011\u201315 in office\u2010based medical practices (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a00.001). Among adults diagnosed with OUD, buprenorphine prescribing increased from 56.1% in 2006\u201310 to 73.6% in 2011\u201315 (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.126). Adults with OUD were less likely to receive buprenorphine prescriptions if they were Hispanic [adjusted odds ratio (aOR)\u00a0=\u00a00.26; 95% confidence interval (CI)\u00a0=\u00a00.11, 0.60], had Medicaid insurance (aOR\u00a0=\u00a00.27; 95% CI\u00a0=\u00a00.10, 0.74) or were diagnosed with other psychiatric disorders (aOR\u00a0=\u00a00.45; 95% CI\u00a0=\u00a00.25, 0.83) or substance use disorders (aOR\u00a0=\u00a00.19; 95% CI\u00a0=\u00a00.09, 0.41).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>In office\u2010based medical practices in the United States, diagnoses for opioid use disorder and buprenorphine prescriptions for adults with opioid use disorder increased from 0.14 and 56.1%, respectively, in 2006\u201310 to 0.38 and 73.6% in 2011\u201315.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/add.14733","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,7,15]],"date-time":"2019-07-15T21:03:12Z","timestamp":1563224592000},"page":"1992-1999","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":25,"title":["Buprenorphine prescribing for opioid use disorder in medical practices: can office\u2010based out\u2010patient care address the opiate crisis in the United States?"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"114","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4961-3361","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Taeho Greg","family":"Rhee","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Community Medicine and Health Care, School of Medicine University of Connecticut  Farmington CT USA"},{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine Yale University  New Haven CT USA"},{"name":"Veterans Affairs (VA) New England Mental Illness Research Education and Clinical Centers (MIRECC)  West Haven CT USA"},{"name":"Veterans Affairs (VA) Connecticut Healthcare System  West Haven CT USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Robert A.","family":"Rosenheck","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine Yale University  New Haven CT USA"},{"name":"Veterans Affairs (VA) New England Mental Illness Research Education and Clinical Centers (MIRECC)  West Haven CT USA"},{"name":"Veterans Affairs (VA) Connecticut Healthcare System  West Haven CT USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,7,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","volume-title":"Dreamland: The true tale of America's opiate epidemic","author":"Quinnones S.","year":"2016"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.15585\/mmwr.mm655051e1"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","unstructured":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. 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