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Register\u2010based information on hospital diagnoses of SUD was available until December 31, 2016.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Measurements<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We estimated odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for any SUD as well as for different SUD types (alcohol, cannabis, and other illicit drugs) and severities (use, abuse, and addiction), with effect sizes corresponding to a comparison of the highest PRS\u2010ADHD decile to the lowest.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Findings<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      PRS\u2010ADHD were associated with any SUD (OR\u00a0=\u00a01.30, 95% CI: 1.11\u20131.51). Estimates were similar across different types and severity levels of SUD. Other risk factors for SUD (male sex, age at ADHD diagnosis, comorbid conduct problems, and parental factors including SUD, mental disorders, and socio\u2010economic status) were independently associated with increased risk of SUD. PRS\u2010ADHD explained a minor proportion of the variance in SUD (0.2% on the liability scale) compared to the other risk factors. The association between PRS\u2010ADHD and any SUD was slightly attenuated (OR\u00a0=\u00a01.21, 95% CI: 1.03\u20131.41) after adjusting for the other risk factors for SUD. Furthermore, associations were nominally higher in females than in males (OR\n                      <jats:sub>females<\/jats:sub>\n                      \u00a0=\u00a01.59, 95% CI: 1.19\u20132.12, OR\n                      <jats:sub>males<\/jats:sub>\n                      \u00a0=\u00a01.18, 95% CI: 0.98\u20131.42).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A higher genetic liability to attention\u2010deficit\/hyperactivity disorder appears to be associated with higher risks of substance use disorders in individuals with attention\u2010deficit\/hyperactivity disorder.<\/jats:p>\n                  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