{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,26]],"date-time":"2026-01-26T02:39:05Z","timestamp":1769395145393,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":58,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,14]],"date-time":"2020-09-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1600041600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000027","name":"National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["T32AA013526"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["T32AA013526"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000027","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000026","name":"National Institute on Drug Abuse","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01DA18267"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01DA18267"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000026","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Addiction"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Aims<\/jats:title><jats:p>To identify drug use typologies based on substances used and persistence of use over two time points, use a genetically informed design to explore twin concordance of and genetic influence on the use typologies and compare patterns of declined\/discontinued (\u201cdesistant\u201d) and persistent drug use on drug use correlates.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Design<\/jats:title><jats:p>Latent class analysis was applied to data from a cross\u2010sectional self\u2010report survey on current and past drug use. Use characteristics, use disorder, and psychiatric problems were compared across classes.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Setting<\/jats:title><jats:p>Computer\u2010assisted telephone interview in respondents' homes.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Participants<\/jats:title><jats:p>A total of 3785 individual twins and siblings (1365 men, 2420 women; M<jats:sub>age<\/jats:sub>\u00a0=\u00a032) from the Australian Twin Registry Cohort III.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Measurements<\/jats:title><jats:p>A comprehensive interview assessed prior to past year and past year use of cannabis, stimulants, cocaine\/crack, hallucinogens, opioids, sedatives, inhalants, dissociatives, and solvents; age of first use; opportunity to use; peer drug use; attention deficit\/hyperactivity, conduct, antisocial personality, depressive, and substance use disorders; and suicidality.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Findings<\/jats:title><jats:p>A five\u2010class solution emerged: no\/low use (50%), desistant cannabis use (23%), desistant party drug use (18%), persistent prescription drug misuse (4%), and persistent polydrug use (5%). Twin concordances were higher among monozygotic (k =\u00a00.30\u20130.35) than dizygotic pairs (same\u2010sex k =\u00a00.19\u20130.20; opposite sex k =\u00a00.07), and biometric modeling suggested that the persistent polydrug use class, in particular, was highly heritable (a<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\u00a0=\u00a00.94). Conduct disorder (OR\u00a0=\u00a02.40), antisocial personality disorder (OR\u00a0=\u00a03.27), and suicidal ideation (OR\u00a0=\u00a01.98) increased persistent polydrug use risk; depression (OR\u00a0=\u00a02.38) and lifetime suicide attempt (OR\u00a0=\u00a02.31) increased persistent prescription misuse risk. Relative to persistent prescription drug misuse, persistent polydrug use was associated with higher rates of cannabis and stimulant use disorder (OR\u00a0=\u00a06.14\u201328.01), younger first substance use (OR\u00a0=\u00a00.82\u20130.83), more drug use opportunity (OR\u00a0=\u00a010.66\u201366.06), and more drug\u2010using peers (OR\u00a0=\u00a04.66\u20139.20).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Unique patterns of declined\/discontinued (\u201cdesistant\u201d) and persistent drug use are differentially heritable and differentially associated with risk factors, psychiatric symptoms, and substance use disorder outcomes.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/add.15225","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,15]],"date-time":"2020-08-15T17:29:22Z","timestamp":1597512562000},"page":"1101-1112","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Typologies of illicit drug use in mid\u2010adulthood: a quasi\u2010longitudinal latent class analysis in a community\u2010based sample of twins"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"116","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4394-0700","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Genevieve F.","family":"Dash","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychological Sciences University of Missouri  Columbia MO USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nicholas G.","family":"Martin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"QIMR Berghofer  Brisbane Queensland Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0313-793X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Arpana","family":"Agrawal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Washington University School of Medicine  St. Louis MO USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9989-737X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Michael T.","family":"Lynskey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"King's College London Institute of Psychiatry  London UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4502-6936","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wendy S.","family":"Slutske","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychological Sciences University of Missouri  Columbia MO USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0021-843X.113.4.483"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.77.5.607"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.15288\/jsad.2016.77.924"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2010.02.020"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/dar.12192"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2009.09.014"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2006.08.029"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1375\/twin.9.4.523"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archpsyc.57.3.261"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/10673220127912"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/02791072.2017.1370747"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_13_1","first-page":"202","article-title":"Maturing out of problematic alcohol use","volume":"28","author":"O'Malley P. 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