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Of 2808 papers, 28 were eligible and reported on 21 cohorts, with a total 170\u2009019 individuals. Cohorts identified based on acute care for drug poisoning or other severe health presentation were excluded. Title\/abstract screening was conducted by one reviewer; a second reviewer independently checked 10% of excluded studies. Two reviewers conducted full\u2010text screening. Data were extracted by one reviewer and checked by a second. A customized review\u2010specific study reporting quality\/risk of bias tool was used. Data on crude mortality rates (CMR) and standardized mortality ratios were extracted for both all\u2010cause and cause\u2010specific mortality. Standardized mortality ratios were imputed where not provided by the author using extracted data and information from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2017. Data were pooled using a random\u2010effects model.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The pooled all\u2010cause crude mortality rate was 1.24 per 100 person\u2010years [95% confidence interval (CI)\u00a0=\u00a00.86, 1.78; <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a016 cohorts], but with considerable heterogeneity (<jats:italic>I<\/jats:italic><jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\u00a0=\u00a098.8%). The pooled all\u2010cause standardized mortality ratio (SMR) was 6.13 (95% CI\u00a0=\u00a04.15, 9.05; <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a016 cohorts). Suicide (SMR\u00a0=\u00a06.26, 95% CI = 2.84, 13.80), accidental injury (SMR\u00a0=\u00a06.36, 95% CI\u00a0=\u00a04.18, 9.68), homicide (SMR\u00a0=\u00a09.38, 95% CI 3.45\u201325.48) and AIDS\u2010related mortality (SMR\u00a0=\u00a023.12, 95% CI\u00a0=\u00a011.30, 47.31) were all elevated compared with age and sex peers in the general population.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>There are elevated rates of mortality among people with regular or problematic cocaine use for traumatic deaths and deaths attributable to infectious disease.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/add.15239","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,28]],"date-time":"2020-08-28T20:38:37Z","timestamp":1598647117000},"page":"725-742","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":41,"title":["All\u2010cause and cause\u2010specific mortality among people with regular or problematic cocaine use: a systematic review and meta\u2010analysis"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"116","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5705-2026","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Amy","family":"Peacock","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"National Drug and Alcohol Research Centre (NDARC) University of New South Wales  Sydney Australia"},{"name":"School of Psychology University of Tasmania  Hobart Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lucy Thi","family":"Tran","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Drug and Alcohol Research Centre (NDARC) University of New South Wales  Sydney Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5602-4963","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sarah","family":"Larney","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Drug and Alcohol Research Centre (NDARC) University of New South Wales  Sydney Australia"},{"name":"Department of Family Medicine and Emergency Medicine Universit\u00e9 de Montr\u00e9al and Centre de Recherche du CHUM  Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5349-951X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Emily","family":"Stockings","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Drug and Alcohol Research Centre (NDARC) University of New South Wales  Sydney Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"suffix":"Jr","given":"Thomas","family":"Santo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Drug and Alcohol Research Centre (NDARC) University of New South Wales  Sydney Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4265-2854","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hayley","family":"Jones","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School University of Bristol  Bristol UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Damian","family":"Santomauro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Queensland Centre for Mental Health Research and School of Public Health University of Queensland  Brisbane Australia"},{"name":"Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation University of Washington  WA USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8513-2218","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Louisa","family":"Degenhardt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Drug and Alcohol Research Centre (NDARC) University of New South Wales  Sydney Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18356\/a4dd519a-en"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","volume-title":"European Drug Report 2019: Trends and Developments","author":"European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction (EMCDDA)","year":"2019"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1996.03540190052029"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jat\/19.6.459"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2014.06.041"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2017.08.036"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijom.2007.03.015"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2010.07.026"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_10_1","first-page":"1419","article-title":"Drug and opioid\u2010involved overdose deaths\u2014United States, 2013\u20132017","volume":"67","author":"Scholl L.","year":"2019","journal-title":"Morb Mortal Wkly Rep"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_11_1","unstructured":"Office for National Statistics (ONS).Deaths Related to Drug Poisoning in England and Wales: 2017 Registrations. 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