{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,28]],"date-time":"2026-08-28T10:13:41Z","timestamp":1787912021095,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":49,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,3]],"date-time":"2021-02-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1612310400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Addiction"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background and aim<\/jats:title><jats:p>Globally, nearly one in five people who inject drugs (PWID) are living with HIV, and the rate of new HIV infections in PWID is increasing in some settings. Early diagnosis is crucial for effective HIV control. We reviewed the evidence on the association between opioid agonist therapy (OAT) and HIV testing uptake among PWID.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>We conducted a systematic review searching MEDLINE, Scopus, Web of Science, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials and PsycINFO for studies published from January 2000 to March 2019. Reference lists and conference proceedings were hand\u2010searched. Observational and intervention studies were eligible for inclusion. Risk of bias was assessed using the Risk of Bias in Non\u2010Randomised Studies of Interventions (ROBINS\u2010I) tool. Meta\u2010analyses were conducted using random\u2010effects models.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Of 13\u2009373 records identified, 11 studies from Australia, Europe, Malaysia and the United States were included. All studies had at least a serious risk of bias, largely due to confounding and selection bias, making it difficult to draw causal conclusions from the evidence. Ten studies provided data on the association between current OAT use and recent HIV testing. Six showed a positive association, while four provided little evidence of an association: pooled odds ratio (OR)\u00a0=\u00a01.71, 95% confidence interval (CI)\u00a0=\u00a01.28\u20132.27. Looking at having ever been on OAT and having ever been HIV tested, seven studies showed a positive association and three showed either weak or no evidence of an association: pooled OR\u00a0=\u00a03.82, 95% CI\u00a0=\u00a02.96\u20134.95.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Opioid agonist therapy may increase uptake of HIV testing among people who inject drugs, providing further evidence that opioid agonist therapy improves the HIV treatment care cascade.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/add.15316","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,3]],"date-time":"2020-11-03T09:43:26Z","timestamp":1604396606000},"page":"1664-1676","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["Association between opioid agonist therapy use and HIV testing uptake among people who have recently injected drugs: a systematic review and meta\u2010analysis"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"116","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3875-0822","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Claire F.","family":"Ferraro","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Health Protection Research Unit, Population Health Sciences University of Bristol  Canynge Hall, 39 Whatley Road, Clifton Bristol BS8 2PS UK"},{"name":"National Public Health Speciality Training Programme, South West  Bristol UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4368-2788","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Daniel E.","family":"Stewart","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Health Protection Research Unit, Population Health Sciences University of Bristol  Canynge Hall, 39 Whatley Road, Clifton Bristol BS8 2PS UK"},{"name":"National Public Health Speciality Training Programme, South West  Bristol UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1833-2017","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jason","family":"Grebely","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Kirby Institute, University of South Wales Sydney  Sydney Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lucy T.","family":"Tran","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Drug and Alcohol Research Centre University of South Wales Sydney, Sydney, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shally","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Drug and Alcohol Research Centre University of South Wales Sydney, Sydney, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carla","family":"Puca","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Drug and Alcohol Research Centre University of South Wales Sydney, Sydney, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2212-2028","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Behzad","family":"Hajarizadeh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Kirby Institute, University of South Wales Sydney  Sydney Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5602-4963","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sarah","family":"Larney","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Drug and Alcohol Research Centre University of South Wales Sydney, Sydney, Australia"},{"name":"Department of Family Medicine and Emergency Medicine Universit\u00e9 de Montr\u00e9al and Research Centre of the Centre Hospitalier de l'Universit\u00e9 de Montr\u00e9al (CRCHUM)  Quebec Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1218-3946","authenticated-orcid":false,"suffix":"Jr","given":"Thomas","family":"Santo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Drug and Alcohol Research Centre University of South Wales Sydney, Sydney, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8323-2514","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Julian P. 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