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However, risk of relapse post\u2010discharge is high, and little is known about effective strategies to support smoking cessation following discharge. We aimed to identify interventions that maintain abstinence following a smoke\u2010free stay and determine their effectiveness, as well as the probable effectiveness of behaviour change techniques (BCTs) used in these interventions.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Systematic review and meta\u2010analyses of studies of adult smokers aged \u2265\u00a018\u00a0years who were temporarily or fully abstinent from smoking to comply with institutional smoke\u2010free policies. Institutions included prison, inpatient mental health, substance misuse or acute hospital settings. A Mantel\u2013Haenszel random\u2010effects meta\u2010analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) was conducted using biochemically verified abstinence (7\u2010day point prevalence or continuous abstinence). BCTs were defined as \u2018promising\u2019 in terms of probable effectiveness (if BCT was present in two or more long\u2010term effective interventions) and feasibility (if BCT was also delivered in \u2265\u00a025% of all interventions).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Thirty\u2010seven studies (intervention\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0=\u00a09041, control\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0=\u00a06195) were included: 23 RCTs (intervention\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0=\u00a06593, control\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0=\u00a05801); three non\u2010randomized trials (intervention\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0=\u00a0845, control\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0=\u00a0394) and 11 cohort studies (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0=\u00a01603). Meta\u2010analysis of biochemically verified abstinence at longest follow\u2010up (4\u00a0weeks\u201318\u00a0months) found an overall effect in favour of intervention [risk ratio (RR)\u00a0=\u00a01.27, 95% confidence interval (CI)\u00a0=\u00a01.08\u20131.49,\n                      <jats:italic>I<\/jats:italic>\n                      <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                      \u00a0=\u00a042%]. Nine BCTs (including \u2018pharmacological support\u2019, \u2018goal\u2010setting (behaviour)\u2019 and \u2018social support\u2019) were characterized as \u2018promising\u2019 in terms of probable effectiveness and feasibility.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A systematic review and meta\u2010analyses indicate that behavioural and pharmacological support is effective in maintaining smoking abstinence following a stay in a smoke\u2010free institution. Several behaviour change techniques may help to maintain smoking abstinence up to 18\u00a0months post\u2010discharge.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/add.15452","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,23]],"date-time":"2021-02-23T09:19:49Z","timestamp":1614071989000},"page":"2978-2994","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":41,"title":["Supporting smoking cessation and preventing relapse following a stay in a smoke\u2010free setting: a meta\u2010analysis and investigation of effective behaviour change techniques"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"116","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2420-4919","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Emily","family":"Shoesmith","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Health Sciences University of York  Heslington York YO10 5DD UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8054-4475","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lisa","family":"Huddlestone","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Health Sciences University of York  Heslington York YO10 5DD UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fabiana","family":"Lorencatto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Behaviour Change University College London  London UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4033-442X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lion","family":"Shahab","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Behavioural Science and Health University College London  London UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8236-6983","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Simon","family":"Gilbody","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Health Sciences University of York  Heslington York YO10 5DD UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4128-9608","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Elena","family":"Ratschen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Health Sciences University of York  Heslington York YO10 5DD UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/add.14234"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2018.10.011"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/add.12163"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.annepidem.2014.07.009"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.2009.188136"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1360-0443.2009.02545.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0033291717002021"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_1","unstructured":"National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE).Stop smoking interventions and services2018. 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