{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,26]],"date-time":"2026-09-26T14:46:48Z","timestamp":1790434008567,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":65,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,22]],"date-time":"2021-04-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1619049600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,22]],"date-time":"2021-04-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1619049600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Addiction"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background and Aims<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Cannabis use disorder (CUD) during pregnancy has increased dramatically in the United States (US). This study examined the associations between prenatal CUD and adverse neonatal outcomes and heterogeneities in the associations by mothers\u2019 tobacco use status and race\/ethnicity.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Design<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Population\u2010based, retrospective cohort study.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Setting<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>California, USA.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Participants<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A total of 4.83 million mothers who delivered a live singleton birth during 2001 to 2012 and their paired infants. Data were obtained from mother\u2013infant linked hospital discharge records and birth and death certificates. Identified by ICD\u20109 codes recorded at delivery, 20 237 mothers had prenatal CUD.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Measurements<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Neonatal outcomes included length of gestation, preterm birth, birth weight, admission into neonatal intensive care unit, hospitalization within 1\u00a0year of birth, and death within 1\u00a0year of birth. Propensity score matching was used to balance maternal, paternal, and infant characteristics in the comparisons between infants exposed and unexposed to prenatal CUD.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Findings<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>CUD increased from 2.8 to 6.9 per 1000 deliveries during 2001 to 2012. Multivariable regressions in matched samples estimated that prenatal CUD was associated with greater odds of being small for gestational age (OR\u00a0=\u00a01.13, 95% CI\u00a0=\u00a01.08, 1.18), preterm birth (OR\u00a0=\u00a01.06, 95% CI\u00a0=\u00a01.01, 1.12), low birth weight (OR\u00a0=\u00a01.13, 95% CI\u00a0=\u00a01.07, 1.20), and death within 1\u00a0year of birth (OR\u00a0=\u00a01.35, 95% CI\u00a0=\u00a01.12, 1.62). Compared with infants whose mothers were tobacco non\u2010users, infants whose mothers were tobacco users had greater odds of preterm birth, low birth weight, hospitalization, and death in association with prenatal CUD. Compared with infants whose mothers were non\u2010Hispanic White, infants whose mothers were Hispanic had greater odds of hospitalization and death and infants whose mothers were non\u2010Hispanic Black had greater odds of being small for gestational age in association with prenatal CUD.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Prenatal cannabis use disorder appears to be associated with escalated odds of major adverse neonatal outcomes, with heterogeneities in the associations by mothers\u2019 tobacco use status and race\/ethnicity.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/add.15467","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,22]],"date-time":"2021-04-22T19:47:04Z","timestamp":1619120824000},"page":"3069-3079","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":73,"title":["The associations between prenatal cannabis use disorder and neonatal outcomes"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"116","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9293-0659","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yuyan","family":"Shi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health and Human Longevity Science University of California San Diego  La Jolla CA USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bin","family":"Zhu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Family Medicine and Public Health University of California San Diego  La Jolla CA USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Di","family":"Liang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Family Medicine and Public Health University of California San Diego  La Jolla CA USA"},{"name":"School of Public Health Fudan University  Shanghai China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ypmed.2018.08.036"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jogc.2018.11.014"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.17269\/s41997-018-0148-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/1471-0528.12626"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2019.7982"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2015.03.021"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11606-017-4201-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_1","unstructured":"Leafly.Qualifying conditions for medical marijuana by state.Leafly.com;2020. 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