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The current study measured bidirectional associations between CU and DM among adolescents over 2\u00a0years and compared these findings to those observed with episodic memory, which is consistently reported as a consequence of CU. We also measured the role of DM as a risk factor for cannabis use disorder (CUD) onset.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Design<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Two\u2010year longitudinal study with five bi\u2010annual assessments.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Participants<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Participants were 401 adolescents aged 14\u201317\u00a0years at baseline.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Setting<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Miami, Florida, USA.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Measurements<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>CU frequency and CUDs were assessed at each time\u2010point through the Drug Use History Questionnaire and Structured Clinical Interview for DSM\u2010IV, respectively. Neurocognition was assessed at odd time\u2010points throughout the Iowa Gambling Task, Game of Dice Task and Cups Task [decision\u2010making (DM)] and the Wechsler Memory Scale IV and California Verbal Learning Test II (episodic memory). We used latent growth curve modeling to examine bidirectional influences between CU and neurocognition over time. We applied discrete time survival analyses to determine whether baseline DM predicted CUD onset.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Findings<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Greater lifetime CU frequency was associated with poorer episodic memory at baseline (\n                      <jats:italic>b<\/jats:italic>\n                      s\u00a0=\u00a0\u221214.84, \u221216.44,\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      s\u00a0=\u00a00.038, 0.021). Greater CU escalation predicted lesser gains in immediate episodic memory (\n                      <jats:italic>b<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0=\u00a0\u22120.05,\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0=\u00a00.020). Baseline DM did not predict CU escalation (\n                      <jats:italic>b<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0=\u00a00.07,\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0=\u00a00.421), nor did escalation in CU predict changes in DM (\n                      <jats:italic>b<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0=\u00a00.02,\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0=\u00a00.352). Baseline DM also did not predict CUD onset (adjusted OR\u00a0=\u00a01.01, 95% confidence interval\u00a0=\u00a00.98\u20131.06).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study replicates findings that poorer episodic memory in adolescents appears to be a consequence of cannabis use, even among adolescents at earlier stages of use. Poor decision\u2010making does not appear to be either a consequence of or a risk factor for escalating cannabis use or onset of cannabis use disorder among adolescents.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/add.15626","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,29]],"date-time":"2021-06-29T05:37:26Z","timestamp":1624945046000},"page":"392-410","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Risky decision\u2010making as an antecedent or consequence of adolescent cannabis use: findings from a 2\u2010year longitudinal study"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"117","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7908-8428","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ileana","family":"Pacheco\u2010Col\u00f3n","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Children and Families, Department of Psychology Florida International University  Miami FL USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3646-4408","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Catalina","family":"Lopez\u2010Quintero","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology, College of Public Health and Health Professions and College of Medicine University of Florida  Gainesville FL USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stefany","family":"Coxe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Children and Families, Department of Psychology Florida International University  Miami FL USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jorge M.","family":"Limia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Children and Families, Department of Psychology Florida International University  Miami FL USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"William","family":"Pulido","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Children and Families, Department of Psychology Florida International University  Miami FL USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Karen","family":"Granja","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Children and Families, Department of Psychology Florida International University  Miami FL USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dayana C.","family":"Paula","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Children and Families, Department of Psychology Florida International University  Miami FL USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ingrid","family":"Gonzalez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biostatistics Florida International University  Miami FL USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4424-5301","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"J. 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