{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,17]],"date-time":"2026-03-17T04:09:05Z","timestamp":1773720545845,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":60,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,8]],"date-time":"2021-08-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1628380800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Addiction"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background and aim<\/jats:title><jats:p>No large\u2010scale, longitudinal clinical study has examined whether patients with different types of eating disorders (ED) have an increased risk of a subsequent alcohol use disorder (AUD). This study aimed to assess the ongoing risk of receiving a diagnosis of AUD following a first\u2010time diagnosis of anorexia nervosa (AN), bulimia nervosa (BN), or unspecified ED (USED).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Design<\/jats:title><jats:p>Retrospective cohort study.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Setting<\/jats:title><jats:p>Danish nationwide registries, January 1994 to December 2018.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Participants<\/jats:title><jats:p>A total of 20\u2009759 ED patients and 83\u2009036 controls were followed from the date of first ED diagnosis (index date) until the date of first AUD diagnosis, death, emigration, or the end of the study. Controls were selected in a 1:4 ratio and matched on month and year of birth, gender and ethnicity.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Measurements<\/jats:title><jats:p>We obtained data on ED (AN, BN, USED; exposure) and AUD (abuse\/dependence; outcome) diagnoses as well as sociodemographics and other psychiatric diagnoses. Time to AUD was generated from the index date. Risk of AUD after the index date was assessed among those without a prior AUD diagnosis while adjusting for sociodemographics and prior psychiatric diagnoses.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Findings<\/jats:title><jats:p>Compared with controls, an increased relative risk of AUD after the index date was observed in AN patients throughout the study lasting 15\u00a0+\u00a0years (adjusted hazard ratios [HRs] ranging from 2.49 [99% CI = 1.46, 4.25] to 6.83 [2.84, 16.41]), in BN patients during the first year of follow\u2010up and from 2\u00a0years onward (2.72 [1.66, 4.44] to 17.44 [6.01, 50.63]), and in USED patients during the first year and 2\u201315\u00a0years of follow\u2010up (2.52 [1.54, 4.14] to 14.17 [5.86, 34.27]). In all three groups, estimates were highest during the first year, particularly among BN patients.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Patients with anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa, or unspecified eating disorders appear to have an increased ongoing risk of receiving a diagnosis of alcohol use disorder following their first eating disorder diagnosis compared with controls.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/add.15639","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,12]],"date-time":"2021-07-12T11:23:42Z","timestamp":1626089022000},"page":"354-367","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Does receiving an eating disorder diagnosis increase the risk of a subsequent alcohol use disorder? A Danish nationwide register\u2010based cohort study"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"117","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6515-2852","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Angelina Isabella","family":"Mellentin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Unit for Psychiatric Research, Department of Clinical Research University of Southern Denmark  Odense C Denmark"},{"name":"Research Unit for Telepsychiatry and E\u2010Mental Health, Center for Telepsychiatry, Region of Southern Denmark  Odense C Denmark"},{"name":"Brain Research\u2010Inter\u2010Disciplinary Guided Excellence (BRIDGE), Department of Clinical Research University of Southern Denmark  Odense C Denmark"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lotte","family":"Sk\u00f8t","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unit for Psychiatric Research, Department of Clinical Research University of Southern Denmark  Odense C Denmark"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Maria Mercedes","family":"Guala","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unit for Psychiatric Research, Department of Clinical Research University of Southern Denmark  Odense C Denmark"},{"name":"Center for Eating Disorders Odense University Hospital  Odense C Denmark"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ren\u00e9 Klinkby","family":"St\u00f8ving","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unit for Psychiatric Research, Department of Clinical Research University of Southern Denmark  Odense C Denmark"},{"name":"Center for Eating Disorders Odense University Hospital  Odense C Denmark"},{"name":"Research Unit for Medical Endocrinology, Institute of Clinical Research University of South Denmark  Odense C Denmark"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Leonie","family":"Ascone","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neuroplasticity Research Group, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy University Medical Center Hamburg\u2010Eppendorf  Hamburg Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Elsebeth","family":"Stenager","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unit for Psychiatric Research, Department of Regional Health Services Research University of Southern Denmark  6200 Aabenraa Denmark"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4612-4338","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anna","family":"Mejldal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unit for Psychiatric Research, Department of Clinical Research University of Southern Denmark  Odense C Denmark"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","volume-title":"The ICD\u201010 classification of mental and behavioural disorders: Clinical descriptions and diagnostic guidelines","author":"World Health Organization","year":"1992"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.books.9780890423349"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11920\u2010017\u20100796\u20104"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","first-page":"2017","volume-title":"National Institute for Health and Care Excellence: Clinical Guidelines. Eating Disorders: Recognition and Treatment","author":"National Guideline Alliance","year":"2017"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/wps.20128"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2019.01.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamapsychiatry.2018.3658"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eatbeh.2006.11.012"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archpsyc.56.1.63"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/s003329170100407x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/eat.20715"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ajp.2013.12070868"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/psy.0000000000000342"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/s0033291717000034"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psc.2018.10.012"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.appet.2017.01.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600\u20100447.1993.tb03393.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/eat.22194"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/eat.20821"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2007.11.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tics.2014.01.010"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/jneurosci.3206\u201015.2016"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00737\u2010007\u20100184\u2010x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2006.03.040"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/eat.20856"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/eat.20670"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/eat.23004"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.psy.0000221254.77675.f5"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/erv.2410"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2008.04.015"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/s0010\u2010440x(99)90136\u20100"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4088\/jcp.v65n0718"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2012.10.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/eat.20178"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclinepi.2007.11.008"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.books.9780890425596"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1403494810387965"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1403494810394715"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1403494811405098"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1403494811401482"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1403494810395825"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10389\u2010017\u20100841\u20100"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1403494811399958"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0167\u20107152(99)00079\u20106"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_46_1","volume-title":"Survival analysis using SAS: A practical guide","author":"Allison P. D.","year":"2012"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_47_1","volume-title":"Stata Statistical Software 16","author":"StataCorp","year":"2019"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/eat.20717"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.comppsych.2016.02.010"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ajp.2007.07060951"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/psy.0b013e31820a1838"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_52_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ajp.162.4.732"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_53_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/10673229709030550"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_54_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/da.22771"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_55_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/10826084.2019.1586950"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_56_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1745\u20100179\u20105\u20104"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_57_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10803\u2010009\u20100818\u20100"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_58_1","article-title":"The validity of the schizophrenia diagnosis in the Danish psychiatric central research register is good","volume":"60","author":"Uggerby P.","year":"2013","journal-title":"Dan Med J"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_59_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/s2045796020001055"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_60_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/nqy342"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_61_1","volume-title":"Global status report on alcohol and health 2018","author":"World Health Organization","year":"2018"}],"container-title":["Addiction"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/add.15639","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1111\/add.15639","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/add.15639","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,29]],"date-time":"2024-07-29T07:58:50Z","timestamp":1722239930000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/add.15639"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,8]]},"references-count":60,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,2]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/add.15639"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/add.15639","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0965-2140","1360-0443"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0965-2140","type":"print"},{"value":"1360-0443","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,8]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2020-08-13","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2021-06-30","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2021-08-08","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}