{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,14]],"date-time":"2026-10-14T17:32:07Z","timestamp":1791999127642,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":55,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,11]],"date-time":"2021-08-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1628640000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000038","name":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["RGPIN\u20102017\u201004069"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RGPIN\u20102017\u201004069"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000038","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100001345","name":"Social Science Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["430\u20102019\u201000941"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["430\u20102019\u201000941"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100001345","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Addiction"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background and aims<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Money is central to psychological definitions of gambling, but contemporary accounts are ambiguous regarding the role of financial motives in disordered gambling. The aims of the current research were to obtain meta\u2010analytic weighted effect sizes for zero\u2010order associations of financial motives against gambling frequency and level of problem gambling, as well as partial associations after controlling for other motives (e.g. coping).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A meta\u2010analysis of the literature through February 2021 was undertaken. Studies were identified from multiple sources (e.g. database search, other researchers). PRISMA standards were followed when screening identified records and extracting relevant data. The data analytic plan was pre\u2010registered. We included 44 cross\u2010sectional studies that involved student, community and clinical samples of people who gamble (sample sizes ranged from 22\u20135666), using validated self\u2010report measures of financial gambling motives alongside measures of either gambling frequency and\/or problem gambling.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Financial gambling motives were positively associated with gambling frequency,\n                      <jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0=\u00a00.29, 95% CI = [0.21, 0.37],\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0\n                      <jats:italic>=<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a022\u2009738, and level of problem gambling,\n                      <jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0=\u00a00.35, 95% CI = [0.31, 0.38],\n                      <jats:italic>n\u00a0=<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a038\u2009204, with moderate effect sizes. Partial associations after controlling for overlapping variance with other gambling motives were also positive (gambling frequency: \u03b2\u00a0=\u00a00.14, 95% CI = [0.05, 0.22],\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0=\u00a013\u2009844; level of problem gambling: \u03b2\u00a0=\u00a00.18, 95% CI = [0.13, 0.22],\n                      <jats:italic>n\u00a0=<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a028\u2009146), with small\u2010to\u2010moderate effect sizes. Effect sizes were heterogeneous and the extent of heterogeneity was high. Analyses of the zero\u2010order association involving gambling frequency indicated that gambling motives measure (greater for Gambling Motives Questionnaire\u2010Financial) and sample mean age (greater for younger samples) were moderators. No other moderators were statistically significant.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Financial gambling motives appear to be reliably and positively associated with both gambling frequency and level of problem gambling.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/add.15642","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,19]],"date-time":"2021-07-19T10:05:59Z","timestamp":1626689159000},"page":"559-569","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":69,"title":["Associations between financial gambling motives, gambling frequency and level of problem gambling: a meta\u2010analytic review"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"117","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7085-9350","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nassim","family":"Tabri","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology Carleton University  Ottawa ON Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2516-8478","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Silas","family":"Xuereb","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology Carleton University  Ottawa ON Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9462-9771","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Natalie","family":"Cringle","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Gambling Research at UBC, Department of Psychology University of British Columbia  Vancouver BC Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1103-2422","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Luke","family":"Clark","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Gambling Research at UBC, Department of Psychology University of British Columbia  Vancouver BC Canada"},{"name":"Djavad Mowafaghian Centre for Brain Health University of British Columbia  Vancouver BC Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.9741\/2327-8455.1011","article-title":"The EVF model: a novel framework for understanding gambling and, by extension, poker \u2010 ProQuest","volume":"16","author":"Reber A. 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