{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,17]],"date-time":"2026-09-17T19:10:27Z","timestamp":1789672227048,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,1]],"date-time":"2022-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1643673600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100013373","name":"NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100013373","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Addiction"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Aims<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To investigate the comparative and combined effectiveness of four types of components of behavioural interventions for cigarette smoking cessation: behavioural (e.g. counselling), motivational (e.g. focus on reasons to quit), delivery mode (e.g. phone) and provider (e.g. nurse).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Design<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Systematic review and component network meta\u2010analysis of randomised controlled trials identified from Cochrane reviews. Interventions included behavioural interventions for smoking cessation (including all non\u2010pharmacological interventions, e.g. counselling, exercise, hypnotherapy, self\u2010help materials), compared with another behavioural intervention or no support. Building on a 2021 review (CD013229), we conducted three analyses, investigating: comparative effectiveness of the components, whether models that allowed interactions between components gave different results to models assuming additivity, and predicted effect estimates for combined effects of components that had showed promise but where there were few trials.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Setting<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Community and health\u2010care settings.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Participants<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Adults who smoke tobacco.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Measurements<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Smoking cessation at \u22656\u00a0months, preferring sustained, biochemically validated outcomes where available.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Findings<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Three hundred and twelve trials (250\u2009563 participants) were included. Fifty were at high risk of bias using Cochrane risk of bias tool, V1 (ROB1); excluding these studies did not change findings. Head\u2010to\u2010head comparisons of components suggested that support via text message (SMS) compared with telephone (OR 1.48, 95% CrI 1.13\u20131.94) or print materials (OR 1.44, 95% CrI 1.14\u20131.83) was more effective, and individual delivery was less effective than delivery as part of a group (OR 0.78, 95% CrI 0.64\u20130.95). There was no conclusive evidence of synergistic or antagonistic interactions when combining components that were commonly used together. Adding multiple components that are commonly used in behavioural counselling suggested clinically relevant and statistically conclusive evidence of benefit. Components with the largest effects that could be combined, but rarely have been, were estimated to increase the odds of quitting between two and threefold. For example, financial incentives delivered via SMS, with tailoring and a focus on how to quit, had an estimated OR of 2.94 (95% CrI 1.91\u20134.52).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Among the components of behavioural support for smoking cessation, behavioural counselling and guaranteed financial incentives are associated with the greatest success. Incorporating additional components associated with effectiveness may further increase benefit, with delivery via text message showing particular promise.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/add.15791","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,5]],"date-time":"2022-01-05T05:14:38Z","timestamp":1641359678000},"page":"2145-2156","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":32,"title":["Behavioural programmes for cigarette smoking cessation: investigating interactions between behavioural, motivational and delivery components in a systematic review and component network meta\u2010analysis"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"117","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9898-3049","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jamie","family":"Hartmann\u2010Boyce","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Nuffield Department of Primary Care Health Sciences University of Oxford  Oxford UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jos\u00e9 M.","family":"Ord\u00f3\u00f1ez\u2010Mena","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nuffield Department of Primary Care Health Sciences University of Oxford  Oxford UK"},{"name":"NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre  Oxford UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3757-5591","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jonathan","family":"Livingstone\u2010Banks","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nuffield Department of Primary Care Health Sciences University of Oxford  Oxford UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thomas R.","family":"Fanshawe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nuffield Department of Primary Care Health Sciences University of Oxford  Oxford UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2539-9268","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nicola","family":"Lindson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nuffield Department of Primary Care Health Sciences University of Oxford  Oxford UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Suzanne C.","family":"Freeman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Health Sciences University of Leicester  Leicester UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alex J.","family":"Sutton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Health Sciences University of Leicester  Leicester UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Annika","family":"Theodoulou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nuffield Department of Primary Care Health Sciences University of Oxford  Oxford UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1802-4217","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Paul","family":"Aveyard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nuffield Department of Primary Care Health Sciences University of Oxford  Oxford UK"},{"name":"NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre  Oxford UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","unstructured":"Organization WH.World Health Organization fact sheets. Tobacco2018."},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.CD003440.pub4"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.CD013229.pub2"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.38142.554479.AE"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.h1551"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amepre.2015.04.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12916-016-0607-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.CD009670.pub4"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/add.15056"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.CD002850.pub4"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11739-016-1583-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclinepi.2018.02.012"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_14_1","article-title":"Behavioural programmes for smoking cessation: Investigating interactions between behavioural, motivational, and delivery components using an existing component network meta\u2010analysis","author":"Hartmann\u2010Boyce J","year":"2020","journal-title":"Open Science Framework"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1360-0443.2004.00995.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_16_1","volume-title":"Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions Version 5.1.0 (updated March 2011)","author":"Higgins JP","year":"2011"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2010.11.016"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18637\/jss.v012.i03"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1360-0443.2007.01946.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.CD001007.pub3"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.CD001292.pub3"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.CD007078.pub5"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.CD006611.pub5"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.CD001118.pub4"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.CD000165.pub4"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/add.14969"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1197\/aemj.9.12.1430"}],"container-title":["Addiction"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/add.15791","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1111\/add.15791","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/add.15791","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,19]],"date-time":"2023-08-19T16:19:33Z","timestamp":1692461973000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/add.15791"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,2]]},"references-count":26,"journal-issue":{"issue":"8","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,8]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/add.15791"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/add.15791","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0965-2140","1360-0443"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0965-2140","type":"print"},{"value":"1360-0443","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,2]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2021-06-11","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2021-12-07","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2022-02-01","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}