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This is the first paper to measure the association between type of legal cannabis supply mechanism and traffic crashes involving injuries.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Design<\/jats:title><jats:p>Ecological study using ordinary least squares regression to examine how department\u2010level variation in registrations (overall and by type) is associated with traffic crashes involving injuries.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Setting<\/jats:title><jats:p>Uruguay.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Cases<\/jats:title><jats:p>532 department\u2010quarters.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Measurements<\/jats:title><jats:p>Quarterly cannabis registration counts at the department level and incident\u2010level traffic crash data were obtained from government agencies. The analyses controlled for department\u2010level economic and demographic characteristics and, as a robustness check, we included traffic violations involving alcohol for departments reporting this information. Department\u2010level data on crashes, registrations and alcohol violations were denominated by the number of residents ages 18 and older.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Findings<\/jats:title><jats:p>From 2013 to 2019, the average number of registrations at the department\u2010quarter level per 10\u2009000 residents age 18 and older for self\u2010cultivation, club membership and pharmacy purchasing were 17.7 (SD\u2009=\u200916.8), 3.6 (SD\u2009=\u20098.6), and 25.1 (SD\u2009=\u200950.4), respectively. In our multivariate regression analyses, we did not find a statistically significant association between the total number of registrations and traffic crashes with injuries (\u03b2\u2009=\u2009\u22120.007; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.398; 95% CI\u2009=\u2009\u22120.023, 0.01). Analyses focused on the specific supply mechanisms found a consistent, positive and statistically significant association between the number of individuals registered as self\u2010cultivators and the number of traffic crashes with injuries (\u03b2\u2009=\u20090.194; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.008; 95% CI\u2009=\u20090.058, 0.329). Associations for other supply mechanisms were inconsistent across the various model specifications.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>In Uruguay, the number of people allowed to self\u2010cultivate cannabis is positively associated with traffic crashes involving injuries. Individual\u2010level analyses are needed to assess better the factors underlying this association.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/add.15840","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,7]],"date-time":"2022-02-07T11:38:07Z","timestamp":1644233887000},"page":"2325-2330","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Cannabis legalization and traffic injuries: exploring the role of supply mechanisms"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"117","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9333-8080","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Beau","family":"Kilmer","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"RAND Drug Policy Research Center  Santa Monica CA USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4860-2791","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ariadne","family":"Rivera\u2010Aguirre","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Population Health New York University Grossman School of Medicine  New York NY USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4385-8045","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rosario","family":"Queirolo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Social Sciences Universidad Cat\u00f3lica del Uruguay  Montevideo CP Uruguay"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jessica","family":"Ramirez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Observatorio Uruguayo de Drogas  Montevideo Uruguay"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8441-7046","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Magdalena","family":"Cerd\u00e1","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Population Health New York University Grossman School of Medicine  New York NY USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,7]]},"reference":[{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.2017.303848"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","DOI":"10.1111\/ecin.12751"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aap.2019.105284"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","DOI":"10.1111\/add.14536"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","DOI":"10.1001\/jamainternmed.2020.1757"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","DOI":"10.1111\/add.14994"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drugpo.2016.05.015"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"e_1_2_9_9_1","DOI":"10.1111\/add.14523"},{"unstructured":"https:\/\/www.gub.uy\/junta-nacional-drogas\/sites\/junta-nacional-drogas\/files\/documentos\/publicaciones\/Ley_19.172_Cannabis_WEB_vfinal.pdf","key":"e_1_2_9_10_1"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"e_1_2_9_11_1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drugpo.2019.06.022"},{"unstructured":"https:\/\/www.busqueda.com.uy\/Secciones\/El-presidente-discrepa-con-la-propuesta-de-que-la-Policia-acceda-a-datos-del-registro-de-clubes-y-cultivadores-de-marihuana-uc48421","key":"e_1_2_9_12_1"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"e_1_2_9_13_1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drugpo.2020.102748"},{"unstructured":"IRCCA.Mercado regulado del cannabis Informe VII Informe al 30\/06\/19 Montevideo Uruguay: Instituto de Regulaci\u00f3n y Control del Cannabis2019 15.","key":"e_1_2_9_14_1"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"e_1_2_9_15_1","DOI":"10.4324\/9780429427794-7"},{"unstructured":"QueiroloR \u00c1lvarezE SottoB.Experiencias y Opiniones de los Autocultivadores en Uruguay. 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