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We tested whether <jats:italic>TAS2R38<\/jats:italic> variation influences early smoking behaviours in adolescence, a critical period of acquisition when taste may influence the natural course of tobacco use.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Design and participants<\/jats:title><jats:p>Observational study (Nicotine Dependence in Teens [NDIT]). Cox proportional hazards models were conducted using data from European ancestry adolescent participants who initiated smoking during follow\u2010up (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009219, i.e. incident smokers). In young adulthood, cross\u2010sectional analyses were restricted to European ancestry self\u2010reported current smokers at age 24 (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009148).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Setting<\/jats:title><jats:p>Montr\u00e9al, Canada.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Measurements<\/jats:title><jats:p>In adolescents, the rates of attaining early smoking milestones were estimated for tasters {PAV diplotypes (i.e. PAV\/PAV or PAV\/AVI)} versus non\u2010tasters {AVI diplotype (i.e. AVI\/AVI)}. In young adults, associations between tasting status and a nicotine intake biomarker (cotinine + 3'hydroxycotinine) and past\u2010week cigarette consumption were assessed.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Findings<\/jats:title><jats:p>Among incident smokers, similar rates to first whole cigarette were found between the diplotype groups (hazard ratio [HR], 1.05; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.75\u20131.48; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.765). However, smokers with the PAV (vs AVI) diplotypes attained monthly smoking more rapidly (HR, 1.55; 95% CI, 1.04\u20132.32; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.033) and had faster conversion to three different measures of tobacco dependence (International Classification of Diseases: HR,\u00a02.29; 95% CI, 0.99\u20135.28; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.052; modified Fagerstr\u00f6m Tolerance Questionnaire: HR, 3.02, 95% CI, 1.04\u20138.79; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.043; Hooked on Nicotine Checklist: HR,\u00a01.87; 95% CI, 0.98\u20133.60; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.059). At age 24, those with PAV (vs AVI) diplotypes had higher mean cotinine + 3'hydroxycotinine (197 vs 143\u2009ng\/mL; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.053).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Adolescents with a genetic variation increasing their ability to taste bitter compounds appear to escalate more quickly to monthly smoking and tobacco dependence during adolescence and have higher nicotine intake in young adulthood versus those without that genetic variation.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/add.15871","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,16]],"date-time":"2022-03-16T07:53:46Z","timestamp":1647417226000},"page":"2037-2046","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Does genetic variation in a bitter taste receptor gene alter early smoking behaviours in adolescents and young adults?"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"117","author":[{"given":"Alaa","family":"Alsaafin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology University of Toronto  Toronto ON Canada"},{"name":"Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute Centre for Addiction and Mental Health  Toronto ON Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Meghan Jo\u2010Ann","family":"Chenoweth","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology University of Toronto  Toronto ON Canada"},{"name":"Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute Centre for Addiction and Mental Health  Toronto ON Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5803-4615","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marie\u2010Pierre","family":"Sylvestre","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre de recherche du centre hospitalier de l'Universit\u00e9 de Montr\u00e9al (CRCHUM)  Montr\u00e9al QC Canada"},{"name":"Department of Social and Preventive Medicine Universit\u00e9 de Montr\u00e9al  Montr\u00e9al QC Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7240-7588","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jennifer","family":"O'Loughlin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre de recherche du centre hospitalier de l'Universit\u00e9 de Montr\u00e9al (CRCHUM)  Montr\u00e9al QC Canada"},{"name":"Department of Social and Preventive Medicine Universit\u00e9 de Montr\u00e9al  Montr\u00e9al QC Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1297-2053","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rachel Fynvola","family":"Tyndale","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology University of Toronto  Toronto ON Canada"},{"name":"Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute Centre for Addiction and 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