{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,24]],"date-time":"2026-06-24T14:01:42Z","timestamp":1782309702249,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,6]],"date-time":"2022-05-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1651795200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Addiction"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background and aims<\/jats:title><jats:p>In the United States, until 2018 both the prevalence of heavy alcohol use and the suicide mortality rate increased among men and women; however, women had experienced a notably higher increase in both. As heavy alcohol use may have contributed to the observed sex disparity in the suicide mortality rate increase, the aim of the current study was to estimate the temporal trend of the sex\u2010 and age\u2010group\u2010specific proportion of suicides that were alcohol\u2010involved in the United States.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Design<\/jats:title><jats:p>Using restricted\u2010access data from the National Violent Death Reporting System, we performed joinpoint regression analyses to investigate temporal trends in the sex\u2010 and age\u2010group (young adults\u2009=\u200918\u201334\u2009years; middle\u2010aged adults\u2009=\u200935\u201364\u2009years; and older adults\u2009=\u200965+\u2009years)\u2010specific proportion of suicides that were alcohol\u2010involved.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Setting<\/jats:title><jats:p>United States.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Participants<\/jats:title><jats:p>A total of 115\u2009202 suicide decedents 18+\u2009years of age from 2003 to 2018.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Measurements<\/jats:title><jats:p>The sex\u2010 and age\u2010group\u2010specific proportion of suicides that were alcohol\u2010involved, among all suicide decedent, for which the decedent had a blood alcohol concentration (BAC) (a)\u2009\u2265\u20090.04\u2009g\/dl and (b)\u2009\u2265\u20090.08\u2009g\/dl.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Findings<\/jats:title><jats:p>For 2003\u201318, the proportion of suicides that were alcohol\u2010involved wherein the decedent had a BAC\u2009\u2265\u20090.08\u2009g\/day significantly increased on average annually for women of all age groups [young women: 2.80%, 95% confidence interval (CI)\u2009=\u20091.86%, 3.75%; middle\u2010aged women: 2.20%, 95% CI\u2009=\u20091.20%, 3.21%; older women: 10.48%, 95% CI\u2009=\u20091.17%, 20.65%], while only middle\u2010aged men experienced a significant average annual percentage increase (0.81%, 95% CI\u2009=\u20090.003%, 1.62%).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>In the United States between 2003 and 2018, alcohol use preceding death by suicide increased among women compared with men.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/add.15905","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,2]],"date-time":"2022-05-02T07:56:07Z","timestamp":1651478167000},"page":"2530-2536","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":22,"title":["Growing alcohol use preceding death by suicide among women compared with men: age\u2010specific temporal trends, 2003\u201318"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"117","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8067-8932","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shannon","family":"Lange","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Addiction and Mental Health Institute for Mental Health Policy Research  Toronto ON Canada"},{"name":"Centre for Addiction and Mental Health Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute  Toronto ON Canada"},{"name":"Department of Psychiatry University of Toronto  Toronto ON Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mark S.","family":"Kaplan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Luskin School of Public Affairs University of California  Los Angeles CA USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alexander","family":"Tran","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Addiction and Mental Health Institute for Mental Health Policy Research  Toronto ON Canada"},{"name":"Centre for Addiction and Mental Health Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute  Toronto ON Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5665-0385","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"J\u00fcrgen","family":"Rehm","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Addiction and Mental Health Institute for Mental Health Policy Research  Toronto ON Canada"},{"name":"Centre for Addiction and Mental Health Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute  Toronto ON Canada"},{"name":"Department of Psychiatry University of Toronto  Toronto ON Canada"},{"name":"Dalla Lana School of Public Health University of Toronto  Toronto ON Canada"},{"name":"Institute of Medical Science University of Toronto  Toronto ON Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","volume-title":"Suicide Rates in the United States Continue to Increase","author":"Hedegaard H","year":"2018"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2021.5469"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamapsychiatry.2017.2161"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/acer.14082"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.35946\/arcr.v40.2.01"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0126870"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0033291716002841"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/09595230500170274"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2004.08.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ije\/dyu018"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.annepidem.2014.05.008"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/10826088909047272"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1300\/J069v22n04_06"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/acer.12158"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2010.08.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_17_1","unstructured":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC).National Violent Death Reporting System (NVDRS) Coding Manual. 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