{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,24]],"date-time":"2026-10-24T20:30:04Z","timestamp":1792873804620,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":99,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,12]],"date-time":"2022-12-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1670803200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000026","name":"National Institute on Drug Abuse","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["K01DA051329"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["K01DA051329"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000026","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000026","name":"National Institute on Drug Abuse","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["UG1DA020024"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UG1DA020024"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000026","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000025","name":"National Institute of Mental Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["P30MH58107"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["P30MH58107"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000025","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Addiction"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>It is estimated that a majority of people who use psychostimulants, particularly methamphetamine (MA) and cocaine, experience withdrawal upon abstinence from sustained use. This review of clinical research reports the evidence regarding biomedical and behavioral treatments for psychostimulant withdrawal symptoms. It provides a framework for clinicians and scientists to increase impact on attenuating MA and cocaine withdrawal during initial and sustained abstinence. Articles reviewed included reports of controlled clinical trials (randomized or non\u2010randomized) reporting at least one withdrawal symptom among the outcomes or specifically studying patients in withdrawal. Potential efficacy for MA withdrawal is noted for a few medications (mirtazapine, naltrexone, bupropion) and repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation during acute (first week), early protracted (weeks 2\u20134) and late protracted (&gt;\u20094\u00a0weeks) withdrawal phases. Topiramate shows mixed evidence of efficacy for cocaine withdrawal. In general, there is inconsistent signal for biomedical and behavioral treatments on MA and cocaine withdrawal.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/add.16093","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,19]],"date-time":"2022-11-19T09:36:56Z","timestamp":1668850616000},"page":"750-762","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":40,"title":["Clinical management of psychostimulant withdrawal: review of the evidence"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"118","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2457-604X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Michael J.","family":"Li","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Family Medicine University of California  Los Angeles CA USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3583-0026","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Steven J.","family":"Shoptaw","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Family Medicine University of California  Los Angeles CA USA"},{"name":"Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences University of California  Los Angeles CA USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","unstructured":"United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime.Drug Market Trends: Cocaine Amphetamine\u2010type Stimulants New Psychoactive Substances. World Drug Report [internet].2022. Available from:https:\/\/www.unodc.org\/unodc\/en\/data-and-analysis\/world-drug-report-2022.html. Accessed 1 Jul 2022."},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(19)32230-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamapsychiatry.2021.2588"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamapsychiatry.2020.4321"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/dar.13252"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2021.106950"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2020.108148"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11524-018-00343-z"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mcna.2021.08.010"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S2215-0366(16)00104-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jurban\/jti026"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1081\/JA-200066900"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0306-4603(97)00046-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2022.109320"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.books.9780890425787"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2021.108702"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/isbn.978-3-8055-9726-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00952990600920680"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/mp.2011.86"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00007691-199810000-00019"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jat\/24.7.467"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1081\/DMR-100100562"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1360-0443.2005.01160.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/00952990.2010.543998"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4062\/biomolther.2020.044"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0014-2999(92)90388-K"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyt.2022.835816"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0068791"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0376-8716(99)00126-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/02791072.2006.10400602"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/10826089909039399"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.15288\/jsad.2010.71.335"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsat.2004.03.011"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0893-133X(01)00334-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamapsychiatry.2020.0246"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/sciadv.aax1532"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsat.2007.12.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1465-3362.2009.00074.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2019.112505"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.yic.0000166815.83017.d8"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamapsychiatry.2018.2383"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/09595230801935672"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1440-1614.1999.00518.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_45_1","article-title":"21 CFR part 1308\u2014Schedules of Controlled Substances: Placement of amineptine in Schedule I","volume":"86","author":"Drug Enforcement Administration. U.S. Department of Justice","year":"2021","journal-title":"Federal Register"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00213-009-1655-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4137\/SART.S775"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/02698811211050563"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2020214"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ajp.2008.08020304"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archpsyc.1989.01810020019004"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_52_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamapsychiatry.2013.2295"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_53_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.euroneuro.2015.11.011"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_54_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2013.05.026"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_55_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2014.02.024"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_56_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2014.03.033"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_57_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.npp.1300600"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_58_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsat.2011.12.014"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_59_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1521-0391.2003.tb00610.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_60_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2005.03.026"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_61_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archpsyc.1992.01820110052008"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_62_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsat.2015.04.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_63_1","first-page":"126","article-title":"Mindfulness\u2010based relapse prevention for stimulant dependent adults: a pilot randomized clinical trial","volume":"8","author":"Glasner S","year":"2017","journal-title":"Mind"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_64_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nicl.2016.08.019"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_65_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2017.01.037"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_66_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/a0021791"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_67_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2017.05.016"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_68_1","unstructured":"National Institute on Drug Abuse.Transcranial magnetic stimulation for the treatment of methamphetamine\/cocaine use disorder (CTN\u2010108).2021. Available from:https:\/\/nida.nih.gov\/about-nida\/organization\/cctn\/ctn\/research-studies\/transcranial-magnetic-stimulation-treatment-methamphetaminecocaine-use-disorder. Accessed 1 Jul 2022."},{"key":"e_1_2_7_69_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/add.12109"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_70_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brat.2019.103437"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_71_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/09595230801923702"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_72_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archpsyc.1991.01810250045005"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_73_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1360-0443.2007.01874.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_74_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.130.6.1657"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_75_1","first-page":"509","article-title":"Cocaine\u2010induced psychosis","volume":"52","author":"Brady KT","year":"1991","journal-title":"J Clin Psychiatry"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_76_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11481-011-9288-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_77_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2019.18514"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_78_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsat.2021.108461"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_79_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/add.14812"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_80_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archpsyc.1997.01830200041006"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_81_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s40263-014-0209-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_82_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eurpsy.2011.06.012"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_83_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamapsychiatry.2013.283"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_84_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2014.06.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_85_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/add.15509"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_86_1","unstructured":"World Health Organization (WHO).Guidelines for the Identification and Management of Substance Use and Substance Use Disorders in Pregnancy. Geneva Switzerland: WHO;2014."},{"key":"e_1_2_7_87_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/QAI.0000000000002461"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_88_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2015.01111"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_89_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11481-015-9604-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_90_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/QAI.0000000000002351"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_91_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12981-016-0120-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_92_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/dar.12528"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_93_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2014.02.702"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_94_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0740-5472(01)00187-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_95_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archgenpsychiatry.2011.124"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_96_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamapsychiatry.2019.3655"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_97_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2020-044696"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_98_1","unstructured":"World Health Organization (WHO).International Classification of Diseases 11th revision (ICD\u201011). Geneva Switzerland: WHO;2022. Available from:https:\/\/icd.who.int. Accessed 1 Jul 2022."},{"key":"e_1_2_7_99_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2009.11.023"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_100_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11481-019-09883-w"}],"container-title":["Addiction"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/add.16093","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1111\/add.16093","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/add.16093","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,17]],"date-time":"2023-08-17T16:17:33Z","timestamp":1692289053000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/add.16093"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,12]]},"references-count":99,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,4]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/add.16093"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/add.16093","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0965-2140","1360-0443"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0965-2140","type":"print"},{"value":"1360-0443","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,12]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2022-08-01","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2022-11-02","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2022-12-12","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}