{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,24]],"date-time":"2026-08-24T17:39:14Z","timestamp":1787593154730,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":14,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,27]],"date-time":"2023-02-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1677456000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,27]],"date-time":"2023-02-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1677456000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Addiction"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background and aims<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Inhalational misuse of volatile substances has been a significant public health concern because of the risk of sudden death and associated chronic complications such as encephalopathy. The Australian Government released a Consensus\u2010based clinical practice guideline in 2011 on the management of volatile substance use in Australia, which noted a lack of available data particularly on harms. This study aimed to measure (1) the number of calls received by the New South Wales Poisons Information Centre (NSWPIC) regarding inhalational hydrocarbon exposures or poisonings and (2) the number of unintentional deaths reported to the National Coronial Information System (NCIS) in Australia.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Design, setting, cases, measurements<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We performed a retrospective review of all recreational inhalational hydrocarbon exposure calls to the NSWPIC between 1 January 2010 and 31 December 2020. A search was made of the NCIS database in all states and territories over the same period to determine the number of non\u2010intentional inhalational hydrocarbon\u2010related deaths in Australia.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Findings<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Between January 2010 and December 2020, there were 752 primary calls made to the NSWPIC regarding hydrocarbon use or exposure. Age or age bracket was recorded in 748 cases, with 508 (67%) calls involving children or adolescents. Over the same time, there were 58 unintentional deaths involving the recreational use of inhalational hydrocarbons. The median age at death was 23\u2009years (interquartile range = 15\u201330\u2009years), and 72% (42 cases) were male. Cause of death was predominately acute suffocation\/asphyxia, encephalopathy related to chronic use, cardiac arrest likely from sudden sniffing syndrome or thermal injuries secondary to unintentional fires sparked by the volatile agents.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Although death and cardiac arrest are uncommon among people in Australia who misuse hydrocarbons for recreational use, the deaths and cardiac arrests tend to occur in adolescents.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/add.16166","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,13]],"date-time":"2023-02-13T03:10:53Z","timestamp":1676257853000},"page":"1370-1375","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Poisonings from hydrocarbon inhalant misuse in Australia"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"118","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8993-2693","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ingrid","family":"Berling","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medicine and Public Health University of Newcastle  University Dr, Callaghan Newcastle New South Wales 2308 Australia"},{"name":"Department of Emergency Medicine Calvary Mater Newcastle  Edith St Waratah New South Wales 2298 Australia"},{"name":"Department of Clinical Toxicology Prince of Wales Hospital  Randwick New South Wales 2031 Australia"},{"name":"New South Wales Poisons Information Centre Sydney Children's Hospital  Sydney New South Wales 2298 Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0079-5056","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Angela","family":"Chiew","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Toxicology Prince of Wales Hospital  Randwick New South Wales 2031 Australia"},{"name":"New South Wales Poisons Information Centre Sydney Children's Hospital  Sydney New South Wales 2298 Australia"},{"name":"Faculty of Medicine The University of New South Wales  Sydney New South Wales 2052 Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6855-3865","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jared","family":"Brown","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"New South Wales Poisons Information Centre Sydney Children's Hospital  Sydney New South Wales 2298 Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/15563650.2014.923904"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12016-013-8371-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/10826084.2011.580169"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5694\/j.1326\u20105377.1991.tb121089.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2018.05.026"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_1","unstructured":"National Health and Medical Research Council.Caring for people who sniff petrol or other volatile substances: a quick reference guide for health workers.https:\/\/www.nhmrc.gov.au\/sites\/default\/files\/archive\/publications\/attachments\/cp136a_volatile_substance_use_quick_reference_guide.pdf2011[updated 2011]."},{"key":"e_1_2_10_8_1","volume-title":"ASSAD 2017 statistics & Trends: Australian secondary students' use of tobacco, alcohol, over\u2010the\u2010counter drugs, and illicit substances","author":"Guerin N","year":"2020"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_9_1","volume-title":"National drug strategy household survey 2019","author":"Australian Institute of Health Welfare","year":"2020"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5694\/mja17.01063"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/10826084.2011.580202"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_12_1","volume-title":"Volatile solvents abuse: A global overview","author":"World Health O","year":"1999"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/10826084.2011.580223"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1970.03170250031004"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/15563650.2014.882001"}],"container-title":["Addiction"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/add.16166","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1111\/add.16166","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/add.16166","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,24]],"date-time":"2026-08-24T17:16:30Z","timestamp":1787591790000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/add.16166"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,27]]},"references-count":14,"journal-issue":{"issue":"7","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,7]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/add.16166"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/add.16166","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0965-2140","1360-0443"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0965-2140","type":"print"},{"value":"1360-0443","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,27]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2022-09-07","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication 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