{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,9]],"date-time":"2026-07-09T11:32:21Z","timestamp":1783596741174,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":59,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,15]],"date-time":"2023-11-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1700006400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["DP2DA040244"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["DP2DA040244"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["DP2DA056130"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["DP2DA056130"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["K24DA035684"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["K24DA035684"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01DA041034"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01DA041034"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01DA041736"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01DA041736"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["T32AI102623"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["T32AI102623"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Addiction"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background and aims<\/jats:title><jats:p>Network centrality, an indicator of an individual's importance and potential to drive behavioral change, is rarely used to select peer educators. Individual\u2010level predictors of network centrality might be useful to identify people who inject drugs (PWID) for potential roles as peer navigators or change agents in network\u2010based interventions in settings where sociometric data are unavailable. We assessed the relationship between network centrality and HIV prevention service engagement to determine whether centrally\u2010positioned PWID share measurable commonalities.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Design<\/jats:title><jats:p>Observational study and survey using baseline data from a sociometric network cohort of PWID, enumerated using network software and biometric data (2017\u20102020). Network ties corresponded to direct injection partnerships in the prior month.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Setting<\/jats:title><jats:p>New Delhi, India.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Participants<\/jats:title><jats:p>A total of 2512 PWID who were \u226518 years, provided written informed consent, and reported illicit injection drug use within the 24 months before study enrollment.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Measurements<\/jats:title><jats:p>Interviewer\u2010administered questionnaires measured demographics and substance use behaviors. Central versus peripheral network position was categorized using betweenness centrality 75<jats:sup>th%ile<\/jats:sup>. Logistic regression was used to estimate adjusted odds ratios (aOR) with 95% confidence intervals (95%CI) between network position and HIV testing, medication for opioid use disorder (MOUD), or syringe service use. Lasso models selected predictors of central network position among 20 covariates detailing demographic, biologic, and substance use information. Predictive accuracy was evaluated using model performance metrics.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Findings<\/jats:title><jats:p>Overall, median age was 26 years (interquartile range 22\u201334); 99% were male; 628 were classified as central. Compared with PWID at the periphery, central PWID were more likely to use MOUD (aOR: 1.59, 95%CI: 1.30\u20131.94) and syringe services (aOR: 2.91, 95%CI: 2.25, 3.76) in the prior six months. Findings for HIV testing were inconclusive (aOR: 1.30, 95%CI: 1.00\u20131.69). The lasso variable selector identified several predictors of network centrality: HIV and hepatitis C infection, number of PWID seen in the prior month, injecting heroin and buprenorphine (vs. heroin only) six months prior, sharing injection equipment six months prior, experiencing drug overdose in the past year, and moderate\/severe depression (vs. none\/mild). Average agreement between model\u2010predicted vs. observed values was 0.75; area under the receiver operator curve was 0.69.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>In a socioeconomic network of people who inject drugs (PWID) in New Delhi, India, there are common characteristics among individuals based on their network position (central vs. peripheral) but individual\u2010level predictors have only moderate predictive accuracy. Although central network members appear to be more likely to use HIV prevention services than peripheral network members, their potential as change agents may be limited by other factors that impede their ability to adopt or promote HIV prevention service use.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/add.16379","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,16]],"date-time":"2023-11-16T00:28:05Z","timestamp":1700094485000},"page":"570-581","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Network centrality and HIV prevention service use among people who inject drugs: Findings from a sociometric network cohort in New Delhi, India"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"119","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9597-7348","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Neia","family":"Prata Menezes","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health Baltimore MD USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shruti H.","family":"Mehta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health Baltimore MD USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amy","family":"Wesolowski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health Baltimore MD USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Steven J.","family":"Clipman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine Baltimore MD USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aylur K.","family":"Srikrishnan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Y. R. Gaitonde Centre for AIDS Research and Education Chennai India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Muniratnam S.","family":"Kumar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Y. R. Gaitonde Centre for AIDS Research and Education Chennai India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Katie J. C.","family":"Zook","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine Baltimore MD USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3013-4339","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gregory M.","family":"Lucas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine Baltimore MD USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7931-2116","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Carl","family":"Latkin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine Baltimore MD USA"},{"name":"Department of Health, Behaviour and Society Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health Baltimore MD USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sunil S.","family":"Solomon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine Baltimore MD USA"},{"name":"Y. R. Gaitonde Centre for AIDS Research and Education Chennai India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","volume-title":"Danger: UNAIDS Global AIDS Update 2022","year":"2022"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/QAD.0000000000000592"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","unstructured":"National Aids Control Organization (NACO).India HIV Estimates2019: Report.New Delhi India:NACO."},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","first-page":"154","article-title":"Buprenorphine abuse in India: an update","volume":"41","author":"Sharma Y","year":"1999","journal-title":"Indian J Psychiatry"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1360-0443.1990.tb01612.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_1","unstructured":"National Aids Control Organization (NACO).Annual Report 2018\u20132019.New Delhi India:NACO;2019."},{"key":"e_1_2_10_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S2352-3018(19)30034-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0149-7189(01)00012-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.87.8.1289"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0376-8716(97)00082-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0277-9536(94)90301-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1081\/JA-200033210"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0378-8733(78)90021-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/3033543"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/kwq243"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.socnet.2010.03.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_18_1","first-page":"89","article-title":"Network structure and proxy network measures of hiv, drug and incarceration risks for active drug users. Connections","volume":"18","author":"Trotter RTI","year":"1995","journal-title":"Bull Int Netw Soc Netw Anal"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0378-8733(95)00264-O"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S095026881900061X"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/QAI.0000000000001372"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/sciadv.abf0158"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_23_1","article-title":"Role of direct and indirect social and spatial ties in the diffusion of HIV and HCV among people who inject drugs: a cross\u2010sectional community\u2010based network analysis in New Delhi","volume":"10","author":"Clipman SJ","year":"2021","journal-title":"e\u2010Life"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_24_1","first-page":"65","article-title":"A theory of reasoned action: some applications and implications","volume":"27","author":"Fishbein M","year":"1980","journal-title":"Nebr Symp Motiv"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_25_1","volume-title":"Social Learning Theory","author":"Bandura A","year":"1977"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_26_1","first-page":"S151","article-title":"Outreach in natural settings: the use of peer leaders for HIV prevention among injecting drug users\u2019 networks","volume":"113","author":"Latkin CA","year":"1998","journal-title":"Public Health Rep"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0278-6133.22.4.332"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1090198106297855"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_29_1","volume-title":"Diffusion of Innovations","author":"Rogers EM","year":"2003"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2014.08.019"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1360-0443.1993.tb02093.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_32_1","first-page":"509","volume-title":"The PHQ\u20109: a new depression diagnostic and severity measure","author":"Kroenke K","year":"2002"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_33_1","first-page":"2","article-title":"Hmisc: Harrell miscellaneous library for R statistical software","volume":"2","author":"Harrell F","year":"2004","journal-title":"R Package"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/9781119482260"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2288-10-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0378-8733(95)00256-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/0022250X.1972.9989806"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_38_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"The igraph software package for complex network research","volume":"1695","author":"Csardi G","year":"2006","journal-title":"InterJ Complex Syst"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_39_1","first-page":"1732","article-title":"HIV care continuum among men who have sex with men and persons who inject drugs in India: barriers to successful engagement","volume":"61","author":"Mehta SH","year":"2015","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jia2.25287"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12889-022-13922-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"267","DOI":"10.1111\/j.2517-6161.1996.tb02080.x","article-title":"Regression shrinkage and selection via the lasso","volume":"58","author":"Tibshirani R","year":"1996","journal-title":"J R Stat Soc B Methodol"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/bjs.10895"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_44_1","volume-title":"The elements of statistical learning: data mining, inference, and prediction","author":"Friedman JH","year":"2017"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.prevetmed.2017.11.018"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jia2.25756"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0895-4356(01)00341-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18637\/jss.v033.i01"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18637\/jss.v028.i05"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10461-012-0371-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2013.12.034"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_52_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2013.07.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_53_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pmed.1002890"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_54_1","first-page":"135","article-title":"Identification of influential nodal persons among injecting drug users: a social network analysis","volume":"13","author":"Annadurai K","year":"2021","journal-title":"Soc Med"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_55_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11904-019-00425-w"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_56_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11121-014-0462-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_57_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2458-13-482"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_58_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10461-016-1639-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_59_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2011.01.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_60_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drugpo.2019.11.012"}],"container-title":["Addiction"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/add.16379","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,2]],"date-time":"2024-11-02T02:05:48Z","timestamp":1730513148000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/add.16379"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,15]]},"references-count":59,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,3]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/add.16379"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/add.16379","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0965-2140","1360-0443"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0965-2140","type":"print"},{"value":"1360-0443","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,15]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2023-01-09","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2023-09-21","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2023-11-15","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}