{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,15]],"date-time":"2026-07-15T04:01:25Z","timestamp":1784088085084,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":19,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,22]],"date-time":"2024-03-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1711065600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000026","name":"National Institute on Drug Abuse","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01 DA054268"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01 DA054268"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000026","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000026","name":"National Institute on Drug Abuse","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["U10\/UG1 DA013035"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["U10\/UG1 DA013035"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000026","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000026","name":"National Institute on Drug Abuse","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["K01DA054328"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["K01DA054328"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000026","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Addiction"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Medications for opioid use disorder (MOUD) increase retention in care and decrease mortality during active treatment; however, information about the comparative effectiveness of different forms of MOUD is sparse. Observational comparative effectiveness studies are subject to many types of bias; a robust framework to minimize bias would improve the quality of comparative effectiveness evidence. This paper discusses the use of target trial emulation as a framework to conduct comparative effectiveness studies of MOUD with administrative data. Using examples from our planned research project comparing buprenorphine\u2010naloxone and extended\u2010release naltrexone with respect to the rates of MOUD discontinuation, we provide a primer on the challenges and approaches to employing target trial emulation in the study of MOUD.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/add.16473","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,23]],"date-time":"2024-03-23T04:16:35Z","timestamp":1711167395000},"page":"1313-1321","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Target trial emulation for comparative effectiveness research with observational data: Promise and challenges for studying medications for opioid use disorder"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"119","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1707-0761","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Paul J.","family":"Christine","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Section of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine University of Colorado School of Medicine  Aurora CO USA"},{"name":"Department of General Internal Medicine Denver Health and Hospital Authority  Denver CO USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sara","family":"Lodi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biostatistics Boston University School of Public Health  Boston MA USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Heather E.","family":"Hsu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics Boston Medical Center and Boston University Chobanian &amp; Avedisian School of Medicine  Boston MA USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Benjamin","family":"Bovell\u2010Ammon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Medicine and Healthcare Delivery and Population Sciences Baystate Health and University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School \u2013 Baystate  Springfield MA USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shapei","family":"Yan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Section of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine Boston Medical Center and Boston University Chobanian &amp; Avedisian School of Medicine  Boston MA USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dana","family":"Bernson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Public Health, Commonwealth of Massachusetts  Boston MA USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Patricia","family":"Novo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry New York University Grossman School of Medicine  New York NY USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joshua D.","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Population Health New York University Grossman School of Medicine  New York NY USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"John","family":"Rotrosen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry New York University Grossman School of Medicine  New York NY USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jane","family":"Liebschutz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of General Internal Medicine, Center for Research on Health Care, Department of Medicine University of Pittsburgh  UPMC Pittsburgh PA USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alexander Y.","family":"Walley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Section of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine Boston Medical Center and Boston University Chobanian &amp; Avedisian School of Medicine  Boston MA USA"},{"name":"Department of Public Health, Commonwealth of Massachusetts  Boston MA USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marc R.","family":"Larochelle","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Section of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine Boston Medical Center and Boston University Chobanian &amp; Avedisian School of Medicine  Boston MA USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","volume-title":"National vital statistics system\u2014mortality 1999\u20132020 on CDC WONDER online database","author":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention National Center for Health Statistics","year":"2021"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7326\/M18-1397"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclinepi.2016.04.014"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2022.21383"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/kwv254"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/JAHA.120.020357"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S2352-3018(15)00108-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2023.4221"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_10_1","volume-title":"Causal Inference","author":"Hernan MA","year":"2023"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/add.15972"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_12_1","unstructured":"The Commonwealth of Massachusetts.An assessment of fatal and nonfatal opioid overdoses in Massachusetts (2011\u20102015). Massachusetts Department of Public Health;2017. Accessed August 15 2022.https:\/\/pilot.mass.gov\/files\/documents\/2017\/08\/31\/legislative-report-chapter-55-aug-2017.pdf"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_13_1","unstructured":"LaRochelleMR.COMPEET MOUD Aim 1 Protocol. Published online January 22 2024. osf.io\/7jh4q"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(17)32812-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_15_1","unstructured":"Quality ID #468 (NQF 3175): Continuity of Pharmacotherapy for Opioid Use DIsorder (OUD).;2017. 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