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The sample was 62.5% non\u2010White, with a mean (standard deviation) age of 31.1 (5.5) years; 6.8% used cannabis; 0.2% had a CUD.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Measurements<\/jats:title><jats:p>Exposure variables included electronic health record\u2010based psychiatric diagnoses of attention deficit hyperactivity, anxiety, bipolar, depressive, personality, posttraumatic stress and psychotic disorders; and alcohol, opioid, stimulant and tobacco use disorders, during the two years prior to pregnancy up to the day before the prenatal substance use screening date. Outcome variables were any cannabis use, frequency of self\u2010reported cannabis use and CUD during early pregnancy.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Findings<\/jats:title><jats:p>Psychiatric disorder prevalence ranged from 0.2% (psychotic) to 14.3% (anxiety), and SUD ranged from 0.3% (stimulant\/opioid) to 3.8% (tobacco). Psychiatric disorders were associated with cannabis use and CUD, with the strongest association for any use found for bipolar disorder (adjusted odds ratio [aOR]\u2009=\u20092.83; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 2.53\u20133.17) and the strongest association for CUD found for psychotic disorders (aOR\u2009=\u200910.01, 95% CI = 6.52\u201315.37). SUDs were associated with cannabis use and CUD, with the strongest association for any use found for tobacco use disorder (aOR\u2009=\u20094.03, 95% CI = 3.82\u20134.24) and the strongest association for CUD found for stimulant use disorder (aOR\u2009=\u200921.99, 95% CI = 16.53\u201329.26). Anxiety, bipolar, depressive disorders and tobacco use disorder were associated with greater odds of daily than monthly or less cannabis use.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Psychiatric disorders and substance use disorders appear to be associated with elevated odds of any and frequent cannabis use as well as cannabis use disorder during early pregnancy. In most cases, the associations with cannabis outcomes were stronger for substance use disorders than other psychiatric disorders.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/add.16622","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,31]],"date-time":"2024-07-31T08:47:03Z","timestamp":1722415623000},"page":"1987-1997","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Association of psychiatric and substance use disorders with cannabis use and cannabis use disorder during early pregnancy in northern California"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"119","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6177-534X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kelly C.","family":"Young\u2010Wolff","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Research Kaiser Permanente Northern California  Oakland CA USA"},{"name":"Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences University of California  San Francisco CA USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Felicia W.","family":"Chi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Research Kaiser Permanente Northern California  Oakland CA USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cynthia I.","family":"Campbell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Research Kaiser Permanente Northern California  Oakland CA USA"},{"name":"Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences University of California  San Francisco CA USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Monique B.","family":"Does","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Research Kaiser Permanente Northern California  Oakland CA USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1263-9971","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Qiana L.","family":"Brown","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Social Work, Rutgers The State University of New Jersey  New Brunswick NJ USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stacey E.","family":"Alexeeff","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Research Kaiser Permanente Northern California  Oakland CA USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Deborah","family":"Ansley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Regional Offices Kaiser Permanente Northern California  Oakland CA USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaoming","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center of Clinical Trials Network National Institute on Drug Abuse, NIH  Bethesda MD USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6965-043X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gwen T.","family":"Lapham","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Health Research Institute, Kaiser Permanente Washington  Seattle WA USA"},{"name":"Department of Health Systems and Population Health University of Washington  Seattle WA USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,31]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2019.7982"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamapsychiatry.2021.3193"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/AOG.0000000000002354"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2017.05.050"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","volume-title":"The health effects of cannabis and cannabinoids. 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