{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,21]],"date-time":"2025-11-21T00:55:32Z","timestamp":1763686532031,"version":"3.27.0"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,22]],"date-time":"2024-07-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1721606400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Addiction"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Aims<\/jats:title><jats:p>Our study aimed to a) describe the distribution of hospital discharges with primary and secondary alcohol\u2010specific diagnoses by sex and age group, and b) describe how the number of hospital discharges with primary and secondary alcohol\u2010specific diagnoses have changed across different diagnostic groups (categorized by primary <jats:italic>International Classification of Diseases<\/jats:italic>, 10th Revision [ICD\u201010] diagnosis) over time.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Design<\/jats:title><jats:p>Retrospective cross\u2010sectional analysis.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Setting<\/jats:title><jats:p>German hospital settings between 2012 and 2021.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Participants<\/jats:title><jats:p>All persons aged 15\u201369 admitted to hospitals as registered in a nationwide data set.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Measurements<\/jats:title><jats:p>We counted a) the number of all hospital discharges and b) the number of hospital discharges with at least one alcohol\u2010specific secondary diagnosis (secondary alcohol\u2010specific diagnosis) by year, sex, age group, and diagnostic group. One diagnostic group included all primary alcohol\u2010specific diagnoses, while 13 additional groups aligned with ICD\u201010 chapters (e.g., neoplasms). Alcohol\u2010involvement was defined as either a primary or secondary alcohol\u2010specific diagnosis.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Findings<\/jats:title><jats:p>Of 95\u2009417\u2009204 recorded hospital discharges between 2012 and 2021, 3\u2009828\u2009917 discharges (4.0%; 2\u2009913\u2009903 men (6.4%); 915\u2009014 women (1.8%)) involved either a primary or at least one secondary diagnosis related to alcohol. Of all alcohol\u2010involved hospital discharges, 56.8% (1\u2009654\u2009736 discharges) had no primary but only a secondary alcohol\u2010specific diagnosis. Secondary alcohol\u2010specific diagnoses were particularly prevalent in hospital discharges due to injuries. With rising age, alcohol\u2010involvement in hospital discharges due to digestive or cardiovascular diseases increased. Between 2012 and 2021, the rate of alcohol\u2010involved hospital discharges has decreased more in younger as compared with older adults (average change between 2012 and 2021: 15\u201324: \u221255%; 25\u201334: \u221241%; 35\u201344: \u221223%; 45\u201354: \u221231%; 55\u201364: \u221221%; 65\u201369: \u22128%).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>The number of alcohol\u2010involved hospital discharges in Germany from 2012 to 2021 more than doubles (from 1\u2009654\u2009736 to 3\u2009828\u2009917) when including secondary alcohol\u2010specific diagnoses. More pronounced declines among younger adults may be attributed to unequal changes in alcohol consumption patterns across the population and to the hazardous effects of long\u2010term alcohol use.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/add.16625","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,23]],"date-time":"2024-07-23T04:44:54Z","timestamp":1721709894000},"page":"2031-2037","update-policy":"http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Alcohol\u2010Specific Inpatient Diagnoses in Germany: A Retrospective Cross\u2010Sectional Analysis of Primary and Secondary Diagnoses from 2012 to 2021"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"119","author":[{"given":"Jakob","family":"Manthey","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre of Interdisciplinary Addiction Research (ZIS), Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy University Medical Center Hamburg\u2010Eppendorf  Hamburg Germany"},{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, Medical Faculty University of Leipzig  Leipzig Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Britta","family":"Jacobsen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre of Interdisciplinary Addiction Research (ZIS), Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy University Medical Center Hamburg\u2010Eppendorf  Hamburg Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Carolin","family":"Kilian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre of Interdisciplinary Addiction Research (ZIS), Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy University Medical Center Hamburg\u2010Eppendorf  Hamburg Germany"},{"name":"Institute for Mental Health Policy Research Centre for Addiction and Mental Health  Toronto Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ludwig","family":"Kraus","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre of Interdisciplinary Addiction Research (ZIS), Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy University Medical Center Hamburg\u2010Eppendorf  Hamburg Germany"},{"name":"Department of Public Health Sciences, Centre for Social Research on Alcohol and Drugs Stockholm University  Stockholm Sweden"},{"name":"Institute of Psychology ELTE E\u00f6tv\u00f6s Lor\u00e1nd University  Budapest Hungary"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jens","family":"Reimer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre of Interdisciplinary Addiction Research (ZIS), Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy University Medical Center Hamburg\u2010Eppendorf  Hamburg Germany"},{"name":"Center for Psychosocial Medicine, Itzehoe Clinic  Itzehoe Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ingo","family":"Sch\u00e4fer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre of Interdisciplinary Addiction Research (ZIS), Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy University Medical Center Hamburg\u2010Eppendorf  Hamburg Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Bernd","family":"Schulte","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre of Interdisciplinary Addiction Research (ZIS), Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy University Medical Center Hamburg\u2010Eppendorf  Hamburg Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/add.13757"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S2215-0366(19)30222-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00406-004-0465-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2021-050608"},{"volume-title":"The ICD\u201010 Classification of Mental and Behavioural Disorders: Diagnostic Criteria for Research","year":"1993","author":"World Health Organization","key":"e_1_2_10_6_1"},{"volume-title":"NHS Wales Data Dictionary. 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