{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,19]],"date-time":"2026-09-19T07:17:44Z","timestamp":1789802264275,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,10]],"date-time":"2024-09-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1725926400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,10]],"date-time":"2024-09-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1725926400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100005407","name":"Food and Health Bureau","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["01170418"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["01170418"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100005407","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Addiction"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Aims<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To evaluate the effectiveness of mobile smoking cessation (SC) treatment with 1\u2010week nicotine replacement therapy (NRT) sampling on recruitment and quitting outcomes.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Design<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Two\u2010arm cluster RCT (1:1 ratio), single\u2010blinded, at 244 recruitment sessions in Hong Kong outdoor smoking hotspots from October 2018\u2013December 2019.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Setting<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Participant were recruited by ambassadors and treated at the mobile SC truck.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Participants<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>834 adult (\u226518\u2009years, male 81.3%) daily smokers, Chinese\u2010speaking, non\u2010NRT users in the past month, consented after nurse\u2010led intervention in mobile SC truck were randomized to the experimental (n\u2009=\u2009482 male 79.5%) and the control group (n\u2009=\u2009352, male 83.8%).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Intervention and comparator<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The experimental group received a 1\u2010week free NRT sample, an NRT instruction card, and mobile SC treatment including onsite nurse\u2010led brief medication advice (about 15\u2009minutes) and referral to SC clinics. The control group received the same mobile SC treatment.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Measurements<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Primary outcome was self\u2010reported quit attempts at 1\u2010month follow\u2010up. Secondary outcomes included SC service use at 1\u00a0month, and biochemically validated abstinence (exhaled carbon monoxide &lt; 4\u00a0ppm; or saliva cotinine &lt; 10\u00a0ng\/ml) at 6\u2010month follow\u2010up. Additionally, a post\u2010hoc cost analysis was conducted.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Findings<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>By intention\u2010to\u2010treat, the two groups showed similar prevalence of quit attempts (44\u00b74% versus 43\u00b75%, risk ratio (RR)\u2009=\u20091\u00b704, 95% confidence interval (CI)\u2009=\u20090\u00b779\u20131\u00b737, P\u2009=\u20090\u00b779). Compared with the control group, the experimental group showed lower SC service use at clinics (32\u00b74% versus 44\u00b79%, RR\u2009=\u20090\u00b772, 95%CI\u2009=\u20090\u00b757\u20130\u00b791, P\u2009=\u20090\u00b7006), but no significant difference in validated abstinence (4\u00b76% versus 2\u00b78%, RR\u2009=\u20091\u00b764, 95%CI\u2009=\u20090\u00b776\u20133\u00b750, P\u2009=\u20090\u00b721). The experimental recruitment sessions recruited more smokers for onsite medication advice than the control session (mean 6\u00b77 vs 5\u00b70, adjusted incident rate ratio\u2009=\u20091\u00b730, 95%CI\u2009=\u20091\u00b708\u20131\u00b756, P\u2009=\u20090\u00b7005).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Mobile smoking cessation treatment with 1\u2010week nicotine replacement therapy sampling did not increase quit attempts or abstinence outcomes among recruited daily smokers in Hong Kong. The intervention increased smokers' uptake of onsite medication advice but reduced subsequent smoking cessation service use at clinics.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/add.16666","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,10]],"date-time":"2024-09-10T23:09:42Z","timestamp":1726009782000},"page":"106-115","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Effectiveness of mobile smoking cessation treatment with 1\u2010week nicotine replacement therapy sampling at outdoor smoking hotspots: A cluster randomized controlled trial"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"120","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6187-1748","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wan Jia Aaron","family":"He","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Nursing, LKS Faculty of Medicine The University of Hong Kong  Hong Kong"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qi","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Graduate Studies Lingnan University  Hong Kong"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ching Han Helen","family":"Chan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Tung Wah Group of Hospitals Integrated Centre on Smoking Cessation  Hong Kong"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7056-1976","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tzu Tsun","family":"Luk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Nursing, LKS Faculty of Medicine The University of Hong Kong  Hong Kong"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4000-2388","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Man Ping","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Nursing, LKS Faculty of Medicine The University of Hong Kong  Hong Kong"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Siu Chee Sophia","family":"Chan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Nursing, LKS Faculty of Medicine The University of Hong Kong  Hong Kong"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tai Hing","family":"Lam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Public Health, LKS Faculty of Medicine The University of Hong Kong  Hong Kong"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5850-5349","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yee Tak Derek","family":"Cheung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Nursing, LKS Faculty of Medicine The University of Hong Kong  Hong Kong"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","volume-title":"Toolkit for delivering the 5A's and 5R's brief 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