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Focusing upon the most recent case per child, we analysed whether harmful parental alcohol use was probably associated with children\u2018s progression throughout the child protection system (from investigation phase, to substantiation, through to protective intervention, protection application and protection orders), while adjusting for socio\u2010demographic variables. The participants comprised 352\u2009800 children [48.5% female, 50.0% male, 1.6% other\/unknown; mean age\u2009=\u20098.1 (0\u201318\u2009years)] with one or more reports (mean\u2009=\u20091.4) in the child protection system.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Measurements<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Child protection workers reported on two risk factor variables indicating parental alcohol use during an intake risk assessment: \u2018alcohol abuse\u2018 and \u2018alcohol use compromises child\u2018s safety\u2018.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Findings<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Of the 95\u2009592 child cases investigated between 2012 and 2021, 50\u2009476 were substantiated. Probable parental alcohol use was reported as a risk factor in 5.1% of children investigated and substantiated in 9.1% of children. The odds of progressing to investigation [odds ratio (OR)\u2009=\u20091.64, 95% confidence interval (CI)\u2009=\u20091.59, 1.69,\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.001], substantiation (OR\u2009=\u20092.02, 95% CI\u2009=\u20091.91, 2.13,\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.001), protective intervention (OR\u2009=\u20091.40, 95% CI\u2009=\u20091.23, 1.59,\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.001), protection application (OR\u2009=\u20091.16, 95% CI\u2009=\u20091.08, 1.25,\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.001) and protection order (OR\u2009=\u20091.17, 95% CI\u2009=\u20091.02, 1.34,\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.028) were statistically significantly higher for children experiencing probable parental harmful alcohol use. However, the associations for protection application and protection order were not statistically significant after accounting for variables related to family accommodation, income and composition.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In Victoria, Australia, in cases where child protection workers document parental alcohol use, those children are more likely to progress through the Victorian child protection system than children whose parents have no documented alcohol use.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/add.16677","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,18]],"date-time":"2024-11-18T23:39:34Z","timestamp":1731973174000},"page":"347-357","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Parental alcohol use and the level of child protection response in Australia (2012\u201321)"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"120","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9790-6241","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Koen","family":"Smit","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Alcohol Policy Research, School of Psychology and Public Health La Trobe University  Melbourne VIC Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0000-2539-8762","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jade","family":"Rintala","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Alcohol Policy Research, School of Psychology and Public Health La Trobe University  Melbourne VIC Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7805-0652","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Benjamin","family":"Riordan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Alcohol Policy Research, School of Psychology and Public Health La Trobe University  Melbourne VIC Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kylie","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Alcohol Policy Research, School of Psychology and Public Health La Trobe University  Melbourne VIC Australia"},{"name":"Faculty of Medicine and Health, Central Clinical School The University of Sydney  Camperdown NSW Australia"},{"name":"The Edith Collins Centre (Translational Research in Alcohol, Drugs and Toxicology) Sydney Local Health District  Camperdown NSW Australia"},{"name":"National Drug Research Institute, Faculty of Health Sciences Curtin University  Perth WA Australia"},{"name":"Burnet Institute  Melbourne VIC Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5652-7336","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anne\u2010Marie","family":"Laslett","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Alcohol Policy Research, School 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