{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,15]],"date-time":"2026-10-15T23:40:08Z","timestamp":1792107608937,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,13]],"date-time":"2025-03-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1741824000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000026","name":"National Institute on Drug Abuse","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["DP2DA049295"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["DP2DA049295"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000026","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Addiction"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background and Aims<\/jats:title><jats:p>Better understanding the challenges faced by patients on medications for opioid use disorder (MOUD), including methadone and buprenorphine, is critical to increasing their use\/retention. Social media platforms such as Reddit offer a space for patients to share their experiences with medications. We aimed to identify and characterize challenges faced by patients taking MOUD through analysis of discussions from the r\/Methadone and r\/suboxone subreddits.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Design, Setting and Participants<\/jats:title><jats:p>Mixed methods study applying natural language processing methods to 37\u2009278 posts from both subreddits from their origin in 2011 until 31 December 2022. Independent topic analyses used Correlated Topic Models to extract the main themes discussed.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Measurements<\/jats:title><jats:p>We labeled, validated and grouped the topics into macro classes and computed topic shares. We interpreted and compared topics across subreddits informed by the patient\u2010centered medication experience framework.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Findings<\/jats:title><jats:p>We found 27 and 34 challenge\u2010related topics for the r\/Methadone and r\/suboxone subreddits, respectively. Topics were grouped into three macro\u2010topics: (i) healthcare\u2010related issues, including misunderstandings\/confusion around appointments, prescriptions, bottle checks, telehealth technology and health insurance coverage; (ii) medication\u2010related issues, including withdrawal, cravings, dosage, side effects, mixing with other medications\/drugs; and (iii) treatment discontinuation, including tapering protocols. Patients conveyed highly specialized knowledge about dosage and tapering strategies and spoke from experience. Key differences between r\/Methadone and r\/suboxone were driven by their dispensing requirements (clinic\u2010based vs. take\u2010home), with 20.05% vs 14.74% of posts related to healthcare service, primarily for logistic and interpersonal issues with healthcare providers.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>People who post on the r\/Methadone and r\/suboxone subreddits appear to have detailed knowledge of medications for opioid use disorder and want more control over their dosing, effects, side effects and discontinuation. Acknowledging this expertise and establishing stronger patients' partnerships with the healthcare team and system might result in better treatment outcomes.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/add.70022","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,13]],"date-time":"2025-03-13T09:09:14Z","timestamp":1741856954000},"page":"1610-1622","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Medication experiences in the treatment of opioid use disorders: Insights from Reddit"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"120","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2092-5070","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alexandra","family":"Almeida","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Scientific Computing Program Oswaldo Cruz Foundation  Rio de Janeiro Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mike","family":"Conway","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Digital Transformation of Health University of Melbourne  Carlton Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David J.","family":"Grelotti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry UC San Diego School of Medicine  San Diego CA USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amarnath","family":"Gupta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"San Diego Supercomputer Center University of California San Diego  La Jolla CA USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David","family":"Frank","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences and Center for Drug Use and HIV\/HCV Research, School of Global Public Health New York University  New York NY USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6033-9837","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Annick","family":"B\u00f3rquez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Infectious Diseases and Global Public Health University of California San Diego  San Diego CA USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","volume-title":"WORLD DRUG REPORT 2021","author":"UNODC","year":"2022"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","volume-title":"Provisional data shows U.S. drug overdose deaths top 100,000 in 2022 [Internet]","author":"National Center for Health Statistics","year":"2023"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ypmed.2023.107625"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","first-page":"110","volume-title":"Guidelines for the psychosocially assisted pharmacological treatment of opioid dependence","author":"World Health Organization","year":"2009"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamapsychiatry.2021.0976"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.j1550"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12913-019-4751-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_9_1","volume-title":"2021 national survey of drug use and health (NSDUH) [internet]","author":"SAMHSA","year":"2022"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/pharmacy9010007"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0277-9536(85)90308-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/pharmacy9010050"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0277-9536(92)90206-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S1463423616000207"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11096-007-9148-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rcsop.2021.100029"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_17_1","volume-title":"Reddit reports increases in users and revenue in Q1 [internet]","author":"Hutchinson A","year":"2024"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_18_1","first-page":"1362","article-title":"Tracking health\u2010related discussions on Reddit for public health applications","volume":"2017","author":"Park A","year":"2017","journal-title":"AMIA Annu Symp Proc"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2196\/48905"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2196\/51156"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2196\/jmir.6297"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1214\/07-AOAS114"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18637\/jss.v091.i02"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18653\/v1\/W17-1612"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2147\/SAR.S109919"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2015.12.031"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2021.108672"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/ADM.0000000000000584"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.adt.0000145126.17405.6a"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/02791072.2020.1824046"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.2021.306665"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/haschl\/qxad018"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_33_1","volume-title":"Medications for opioid use disorder save lives [internet]","author":"Committee on medication\u2010assisted treatment for opioid use disorder, board on health sciences policy, health and medicine division, National Academies of sciences, engineering, and medicine","year":"2019"}],"container-title":["Addiction"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/add.70022","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,2]],"date-time":"2025-07-02T07:29:14Z","timestamp":1751441354000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/add.70022"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,13]]},"references-count":32,"journal-issue":{"issue":"8","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,8]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/add.70022"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/add.70022","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0965-2140","1360-0443"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0965-2140","type":"print"},{"value":"1360-0443","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,13]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2024-09-26","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-01-16","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-03-13","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}