{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,21]],"date-time":"2026-09-21T13:50:25Z","timestamp":1789998625869,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":56,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,29]],"date-time":"2025-04-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1745884800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001505","name":"Health Research Council of New Zealand","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["HRC 19\/107"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["HRC 19\/107"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001505","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Addiction"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background and Aims<\/jats:title><jats:p>Caregiver alcohol use is a risk factor for child maltreatment, but a previous meta\u2010analysis was limited to physical abuse only. We aimed to quantify the association of parental or caregiver alcohol use with child maltreatment and assess if this differs by incidence or recurrence of maltreatment and level of caregiver alcohol use.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>We undertook a systematic review and meta\u2010analysis of longitudinal studies according to a registered protocol on PROSPERO (CRD42020211585). We searched the databases MEDLINE, PubMed, Scopus, PsycINFO, CINAHL and the Cochrane Library in November 2024. We included studies that reported the association of interest. We excluded studies that only assessed prenatal alcohol use or caregiver substance use, and studies that did not adjust for socio\u2010economic position. Two reviewers independently screened the retrieved articles for relevance, extracted data from the included studies and assessed the methodological quality of studies using criteria adapted from the Newcastle\u2010Ottawa scale. We performed meta\u2010analyses using inverse variance weighting and random effects models.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>We included seven studies on child maltreatment incidence and five on recurrence. All were cohort studies in high\u2010income countries: three in Australia, one in Denmark, one in New Zealand, two in South Korea, one in the United Kingdom and four in the United States. The sample size ranged from 501 to 84\u2009245 (median 4782). Caregiver alcohol\u2010related diagnoses were associated with higher child maltreatment incidence [odds ratio (OR) = 2.32, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.10\u20134.89] and recurrence (OR = 1.92, 95% CI = 1.13\u20133.28) compared with caregivers without alcohol\u2010related diagnoses. An association of any caregiver drinking with child maltreatment incidence could not be ruled out (OR = 1.22, 95% CI = 0.72\u20132.08). The review was limited by high heterogeneity and variable reporting of alcohol use and child maltreatment; however, we obtained similar results after sensitivity analysis and adjustment for reporting bias.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Caregiver alcohol use may be an important risk factor for child maltreatment, adding to the growing body of evidence on alcohol's harm to others and calling for stronger actions to reduce alcohol harm.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/add.70055","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,30]],"date-time":"2025-04-30T00:01:15Z","timestamp":1745971275000},"page":"1724-1738","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["The association of parental or caregiver alcohol use with child maltreatment: A systematic review and meta\u2010analysis of longitudinal studies"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"120","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8448-9584","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"June Yue Yan","family":"Leung","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"SHORE and Whariki Research Centre, College of Health Massey University  Auckland New Zealand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Karl","family":"Parker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"SHORE and Whariki Research Centre, College of Health Massey University  Auckland New Zealand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"En\u2010Yi","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"SHORE and Whariki Research Centre, College of Health Massey University  Auckland New Zealand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0669-0685","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Taisia","family":"Huckle","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"SHORE and Whariki Research Centre, College of Health Massey University  Auckland New Zealand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(08)61706-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","unstructured":"World Health Organization.Child maltreatment: fact sheet [Internet].2022[cited 2024 Apr 30]. Available from:https:\/\/www.who.int\/news-room\/fact-sheets\/detail\/child-maltreatment"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","volume-title":"Responding to child maltreatment: a clinical handbook for health professionals [internet]","author":"World Health Organization","year":"2022"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12889-018-6044-y"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pmed.1001349"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2018.07.037"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/add.13757"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/add.16111"},{"issue":"12","key":"e_1_2_9_10_1","first-page":"1669","article-title":"The relative risks and etiologic fractions of different causes of death and disease attributable to alcohol, tobacco and illicit drug use in Canada","volume":"162","author":"Single E","year":"2000","journal-title":"CMAJ"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.avb.2006.03.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S2468-2667(20)30052-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jech-2019-212738"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0025802414543855"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2004.03.009"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamapsychiatry.2019.0097"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_17_1","unstructured":"HuckleT LeungJ LinEY ParkerK RomeoJ.Association between parental\/caregiver alcohol use and child maltreatment: a systematic review and meta\u2010analysis. Protocol V2 [Internet]. PROSPERO international prospective register of systematic reviews.2020[cited 2024 May 5]. Available from:https:\/\/www.crd.york.ac.uk\/prospero\/display_record.php?ID=CRD42020211585"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.n71"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/dar.13835"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1077559521990116"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_21_1","volume-title":"Covidence systematic review software [internet]","year":"2024"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_22_1","unstructured":"WellsGA SheaB O'ConnellD PetersonJ WelchV LososM et al.The Newcastle\u2010Ottawa scale (NOS) for assessing the quality of nonrandomised studies in meta\u2010analyses.2000."},{"key":"e_1_2_9_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2017.05.049"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/01488376.2012.744618"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_25_1","volume-title":"R: the R project for statistical computing [internet]","author":"R Core Team","year":"2023"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2017.08.010"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/00048674.2011.587395"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1360-0443.2012.03917.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0740-5472(03)00116-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11121-022-01446-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/aswp.12160"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S2468-2667(18)30069-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0145-2134(99)00003-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1077559515597062"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1077559512448472"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0074-7742(10)91009-X"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_9_37_1","first-page":"52","article-title":"Alcohol abuse as a risk factor for and consequence of child abuse","volume":"25","author":"Widom CS","year":"2001","journal-title":"Alcohol Res Health"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S2468-2667(17)30118-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.15453\/0191-5096.3698"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_40_1","unstructured":"World Health Organization.Global Information System on Alcohol and Health [Internet].2019[cited 2024 Jun 11]. Available from:https:\/\/www.who.int\/data\/gho\/data\/themes\/global-information-system-on-alcohol-and-health"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2013.07.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0145-2134(02)00345-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/car.2353"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1596\/33573"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1360-0443.2004.00815.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archinte.160.13.1977"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1077559518815613"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2009.08.008"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2003.12.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.childyouth.2018.01.018"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1077559508326925"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_52_1","unstructured":"UNICEF.Convention on the Rights of the Child text [Internet]. [cited2024Jun 11]. Available from:https:\/\/www.unicef.org\/child-rights-convention\/convention-text"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_53_1","unstructured":"Foundation for Alcohol Research and Education.Alcohol's role in family violence overlooked at National Cabinet meeting [Internet].2024[cited 2024 Jun 11]. Available from:https:\/\/fare.org.au\/alcohols-role-in-family-violence-overlooked-at-national-cabinet-meeting\/"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_54_1","volume-title":"Zero tolerance: third National Strategy on domestic, sexual and gender\u2010based violence 2022\u20132026 [internet]","author":"Department of Justice, Ireland","year":"2022"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_55_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10567-017-0250-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_56_1","volume-title":"INSPIRE: seven strategies for ending violence against children [internet]","author":"World Health Organization","year":"2016"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_57_1","volume-title":"Tackling NCDs: best buys and other recommended interventions for the prevention and control of noncommunicable diseases, second edition [internet]","author":"World Health Organization","year":"2024"}],"container-title":["Addiction"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/add.70055","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,10]],"date-time":"2025-09-10T07:52:32Z","timestamp":1757490752000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/add.70055"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,29]]},"references-count":56,"journal-issue":{"issue":"9","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,9]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/add.70055"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/add.70055","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0965-2140","1360-0443"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0965-2140","type":"print"},{"value":"1360-0443","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,29]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2024-07-01","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-02-24","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-04-29","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}