{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,10]],"date-time":"2026-09-10T11:29:02Z","timestamp":1789039742127,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":15,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,30]],"date-time":"2025-07-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1753833600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000027","name":"National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01AA016577"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01AA016577"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000027","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000027","name":"National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01AA020883"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01AA020883"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000027","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000027","name":"National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01AA025848"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01AA025848"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000027","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000027","name":"National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01AA028812"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01AA028812"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000027","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Addiction"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Aims<\/jats:title><jats:p>To measure associations between frequency and quantity consumed of cannabis flower for different levels of delta\u20109\u2010tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) concentration.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Design<\/jats:title><jats:p>Cross\u2010sectional survey.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Setting<\/jats:title><jats:p>California, USA (survey fielded June 2022\u2013July 2023).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Participants<\/jats:title><jats:p>Young adults (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009512) with mean age 25.86 (standard deviation\u2009=\u20090.87) years, 48.04% female, from a California\u2010based cohort study, who endorsed past\u2010month cannabis flower use.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Measurements<\/jats:title><jats:p>Individuals completed survey items on cannabis use behavior (e.g. past\u2010month use frequency, quantity consumed), symptoms of cannabis use disorder [using the Cannabis Use Disorder Identification Test \u2010 Revised (CUDIT\u2010R)] and self\u2010reported knowledge and perceived THC content (potency) of typical flower used. Multivariable linear and logistic regression models examined associations between perceived flower potency [rated on a scale from No THC (0) to Very High THC (5)], use behavior and CUDIT\u2010R scores, adjusting for sociodemographic characteristics.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Findings<\/jats:title><jats:p>Nearly one in five respondents (18.55%) indicated that they did not know the THC potency of flower typically used. Among those who endorsed knowing potency, nearly half (46.76%) endorsed typically using High or Very High THC flower. Results from separate adjusted linear regression models showed that a one\u2010point increase in the perceived THC potency scale was associated with 3.33 more use days per month [B\u2009=\u20093.33, (standard error, SE\u2009=\u20090.46), <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.0001], 0.13 more grams of flower used per day [B\u2009=\u20090.13 (SE\u2009=\u20090.04), <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.01] and 1.21 greater CUDIT\u2010R scores [B\u2009=\u20091.21 (SE\u2009=\u20090.29), <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.0001].<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Self\u2010reported use of higher potency cannabis flower appears to be associated with more frequent and higher\u2010quantity cannabis consumption and greater Cannabis Use Disorder Identification Test \u2010 Revised (CUDIT\u2010R) scores, which is inconsistent with the notion that individuals titrate use of higher\u2010potency cannabis.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/add.70118","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,31]],"date-time":"2025-07-31T04:01:27Z","timestamp":1753934487000},"page":"2329-2334","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["High potency cannabis flower use is associated with heavier consumption and risk for cannabis use disorder among young adults in California, United States"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"120","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2644-0413","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Michael S.","family":"Dunbar","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Behavioral and Policy Sciences RAND Corporation  Pittsburgh PA USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8527-7804","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Elizabeth J.","family":"D'Amico","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Behavioral and Policy Sciences RAND Corporation  Santa Monica CA USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rachana","family":"Seelam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Behavioral and Policy Sciences RAND Corporation  Santa Monica CA USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jordan P.","family":"Davis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Behavioral and Policy Sciences RAND Corporation  Santa Monica CA USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eric R.","family":"Pedersen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Behavioral and Policy Sciences RAND Corporation  Santa Monica CA USA"},{"name":"Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California  Los Angeles CA USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anthony","family":"Rodriguez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Behavioral and Policy Sciences RAND Corporation  Boston MA USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9333-8080","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Beau","family":"Kilmer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Behavioral and Policy Sciences RAND Corporation  Santa Monica CA USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","volume-title":"Cannabis policy impacts public health and health equity","author":"National Academies of Sciences Engineering and Medicine","year":"2024"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","volume-title":"Monitoring the future panel study annual report: National data on substance use among adults ages 19 to 65, 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