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Propensity score matching used demographics and baseline drinking.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Measurements<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Baseline assessment and a 6\u2010week follow\u2010up assessment, including outcome variables: diagnostic assessment of AUD, timeline followback interview [percent drinking days (%DD) and percent heavy drinking days (%HDD)]; and exposure variables: formal egocentric social network assessment collecting egocentric social network metrics and using up to 20 network alters.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Findings<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Compared with the control group, participants who increased AA participation statistically significantly reduced %DD [mean (M)\u2009=\u00a05.67% (standard error of the mean, SEM\u2009=\u00a01.81) vs 30.91% (3.59);\n                      <jats:italic>F<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0=\u200946.22,\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0&lt;\u20090.001] and %HDD [5.21% (1.79) vs 23.32% (3.14);\n                      <jats:italic>F<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0=\u200928.34,\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0&lt;\u20090.001] and exhibited statistically significantly improved social network indicators including reduced network drinking frequency [1.99 (0.08) vs 2.96 (0.09);\n                      <jats:italic>F<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0=\u200942.26,\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0&lt;\u20090.001] and severity [1.68 (0.06) vs 2.34 (0.08);\n                      <jats:italic>F<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0=\u200940.51,\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0&lt;\u20090.001]. Changes in social network drinking statistically significantly mediated the relationship between changes in AA attendance and reductions in %DD [\n                      <jats:italic>b<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0=\u2009\u22120.06 (0.02),\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0=\u20090.01] and %HDD [\n                      <jats:italic>b<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0=\u2009\u22120.05 (0.02),\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0=\u20090.04] at follow\u2010up.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Reduced social network drinking appears to be one mechanism of behaviour change associated with the positive effects of Alcoholics Anonymous on drinking behavior during recovery.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/add.70172","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,4]],"date-time":"2025-09-04T04:00:40Z","timestamp":1756958440000},"page":"72-81","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Changes in alcohol\u2010related social network composition mediate the effects of AA meeting attendance on drinking following a recovery attempt in adults with alcohol use disorder"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"121","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2675-7744","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Emily E.","family":"Levitt","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Peter Boris Centre for Addictions Research St. Joseph's Healthcare Hamilton &amp; McMaster University  Hamilton ON Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Liah","family":"Rahman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Peter Boris Centre for Addictions Research St. Joseph's Healthcare Hamilton &amp; McMaster University  Hamilton ON Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Desmond","family":"Singh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Peter Boris Centre for Addictions Research St. Joseph's Healthcare Hamilton &amp; McMaster University  Hamilton ON Canada"},{"name":"Department of Biology University of Waterloo  Waterloo ON Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5403-9531","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kyla","family":"Belisario","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Peter Boris Centre for Addictions Research St. Joseph's Healthcare Hamilton &amp; McMaster University  Hamilton ON Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amanda","family":"Doggett","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Peter Boris Centre for Addictions Research St. Joseph's Healthcare Hamilton &amp; McMaster University  Hamilton ON Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Allan","family":"Clifton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychological Science Vassar College  Poughkeepsie NY USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Robert","family":"Stout","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pacific Institute for Research and Evaluation  Pawtucket RI USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6915-0750","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"John F.","family":"Kelly","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Recovery Research Institute Massachusetts General Brigham  Boston MA USA"},{"name":"Department of Psychiatry Harvard Medical School  Boston MA USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8695-1071","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"James","family":"MacKillop","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Peter Boris Centre for Addictions Research St. Joseph's Healthcare Hamilton &amp; 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