{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,8]],"date-time":"2026-03-08T14:50:53Z","timestamp":1772981453429,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,4]],"date-time":"2025-12-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1764806400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,4]],"date-time":"2025-12-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1764806400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Addiction"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Aims<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study sought to validate a community\u2010acceptable Substance Use &amp; Sex Index (SUSI) for use in substance use intervention research. SUSI aims to measure behaviours associated with the transmission of blood\u2010borne viruses (BBV) and sexually transmitted infections (STI) among people who use substances and incorporate contemporary sexual and drug practices.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Design<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Validation of a self\u2010administered online behavioural questionnaire.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Setting and Participants<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>An Australian anonymous online questionnaire advertised through health services and social media resulted in 289 respondents with a mean age 35\u2009years (standard deviation [SD] 10.9\u00a0years).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Measurements<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A 26\u2010item scale assessing BBV\u2010 and STI\u2010associated behaviours based on previous piloting and expert review was assessed for scale structure using exploratory and confirmatory factor analytic approaches. Item Response Theory (IRT) analyses were applied in decisions to retain and categorise items. Item weightings were defined following expert consensus informed by local BBV, STI and HIV epidemiological profiles. Test\u2013retest reliability was examined on a subsample (n\u2009=\u200998) over three to five days. Criterion validity of the new SUSI\u20102 scale was examined in comparison to the HIV Risk\u2010taking Behaviour subscale of the Opiate Treatment Index (OTI\u2010HRBS).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Findings<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Factor analysis identified a two\u2010factor model (\u201csex\u201d; \u201cdrugs with sex\u201d), with moderate magnitude correlation (r\u2009=\u20090.38; 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.19\u20130.54) between factors and acceptable model fit (p\u2009=\u20090.061). IRT discrimination was statistically significant for all items (p\u2009&lt;\u20090.05). Kappa values for test\u2013retest reliability (n\u2009=\u200998 subsample) ranged from 0.66 to 1.00 with high agreement (all above 87%). Free text responses indicated the questionnaire items were acceptable to respondents, with minimal suggestion for improvements. There was a statistically significant positive correlation between the SUSI\u20102 and OTI\u2010HRBS sex subscales (weighted r\u2009=\u20090.63, p\u2009&lt;\u20090.001) and between the SUSI\u20102 sex with drugs and OTI\u2010HRBS drug subscale (weighted r\u2009=\u20090.21, p\u2009&lt;\u20090.01). Four additional items were retained to reflect local other BBV and STI transmission risk.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The Substance Use &amp; Sex Index 2 (SUSI\u20102) appears to be a valid and acceptable two\u2010factor brief scale for the measurement of behaviours associated with blood\u2010borne viruses and sexually transmitted infections for use in substance use interventional research.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/add.70253","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,4]],"date-time":"2025-12-04T09:19:55Z","timestamp":1764839995000},"page":"670-679","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Substance Use and Sex Index version 2 (SUSI\u20102): Validation of a brief questionnaire for the measurement of behaviours associated with transmission of blood borne viruses and sexually transmitted infections"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"121","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9178-9013","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Brendan","family":"Clifford","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"National Centre for Clinical Research on Emerging Drugs University of New South Wales  Sydney Australia"},{"name":"Alcohol and Drug Service St Vincent's Hospital Sydney  Sydney Australia"},{"name":"National Drug and Alcohol Research Centre University of New South Wales  Sydney Australia"},{"name":"Drug and Alcohol Clinical Research and Improvement Network NSW Health  Sydney Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Raimondo","family":"Bruno","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Drug and Alcohol Research Centre University of New South Wales  Sydney Australia"},{"name":"School of Psychological Sciences University of Tasmania  Hobart 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