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We investigated the direction of the temporal relationship between methamphetamine use and depression.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Design<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A longitudinal random\u2010intercept cross\u2010lagged panel model analysis was conducted using 12 contiguous weeks of data from a randomised controlled trial (ACTRN12618000366257).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Setting<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Melbourne, Geelong and Wollongong, Australia.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Participants<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>153 adult participants dependent on methamphetamine.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Measurements<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Each week, days of methamphetamine use in the past week were assessed using the Timeline Followback, and clinically significant symptoms of depression were defined as a score of 4 or greater on the Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale depression item.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Relative to their average, if an individual increased their methamphetamine use in one week, their probability of experiencing clinically significant depressive symptoms increased the following week [estimate\u2009=\u20090.271, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.177\u20130.365,\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.001]. Additionally, if an individual's probability of experiencing clinically significant depressive symptoms increased in one week above their average, their subsequent week's methamphetamine use increased (estimate\u2009=\u20090.414, 95% CI = 0.291\u20130.537,\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.001).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Summary<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>There appears to be evidence of a bidirectional relationship between days of methamphetamine use and clinically significant depressive symptoms within a weekly timeframe.<\/jats:p>\n                  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